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Remembering Complex Events (Memory Errors (Intrusion Errors (Other…
Remembering Complex Events
Autobiographical Memory
Memory of episodes and events in one's own life
Self-Reference
Better memory for info about self
Self-Schema
Set of beliefs and memories about self
Flashbulb Memory
Memories of emotional events w/ high clarity
Where were you when
__
died?
High confidence but inconsistent
Consequentiality improves accuracy
direct influence on life, increases in rehersal
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Permastore
High level of initial learning
Occasional rehersal
Ex: Name
Memory Errors
Intrusion Errors
Other knowledge intrudes into remembered event
Example: Nancy at the cocktail party
Prologue interfered with participants' knowledge
DRM procedure
Participants given list of words
"Bed, rest, awake, tired, dream"
Recalled "sleep" but not part of list
Associations between the words were made
Identified an organizational theme
Inaccurate recall risk
Schema
Broad patterns of situations
Prior knowledge and expectations about events
Helps by guiding reconstruction
Fill in gaps with typical knowledge
Bartlett: Native American folklore
Parts of story unfamiliar were changed to more familiar
Brewer + Treyens
Told that offices usually contain many books
Told about books:
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Hurts by promoting errors in perception and memory
Cost of Memory Errors
Eyewitness Errors
3/4 of false convictions
Misinformation effect
Memory errors from post event info
Childhood photo edited into hot air balloon
Avoided by recency
Retention Interval
Time passed since learning and retrieval
Schematic knowledge fills in blanks
Delay produces forgetting?
Decay
Retrieval failure
Interference
