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Revision Mind Map for Genetics (Genotype (Combination of alleles (BB -…
Revision Mind Map for Genetics
Genotype
Combination of alleles (BB - Homozygous Dominant, Bb - Heterozygous , bb - Homozygous recessive)
Phenotype
Physical expression of genotype/trait
Allele
Variation or different forms of a gene
Gene
Sections of DNA/Chromosomes that codes for a particular trait.
Chromosomes
Long strands of DNA found in the nucleus of cells 46 chromosomes/or 23 pairs
DNA
Genetic code, Double helix shape/structure. Nucleotides - 1 base, 1 phosphate, 1 sugar. 4 bases = ATGC.
Sexual
2 Parents (Male and Female), Slow Process, Variation in the offspring will survive in change in environment. Few offspring. Needs/Uses energy.
Asexual
1 parent, fast, less energy, more offspring, no variation/clones. Offspring will all die if environment change.
Mitosis
Meiosis
Makes Gametes (Sperms + Eggs, Sex cells). DNA doubles - Cells Split - Cells split again. 8 chromosomes diploid #/double. 4 chromosomes haploid #/half.
Inheritable
Received from parents, DNA/Genes, Passed onto offspring via Gametes
Non - Inheritable
Caused by the environment, Cannot be passed onto offspring