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Chapter 9 (Naming ions (Polyatomic Ions:more than one atom end in ite or…
Chapter 9
Naming ions
Monatomic Ions: a single atom
Cations:when metals lose electrons they form positive charges
Polyatomic Ions:more than one atom end in ite or ate
H2PO4 Dihydrogen phosphate HSO3 Hydrogen sulfite HCO3 hydrogen carbonate OH Hydroxide NH4 ammonium
Anions:when a nonmetal gains electrons they form negative charges
Copper(I)Cu+ Copper(ll)Cu2
Binary compound two elements either ionic or molecular
Name an ionic one by placing cation first then the anion name
Prefixes:Mono1, Di2, Tri3, Trenta4, Penta5, Hexa6, Hepta7, Octa8, Nona9, Deca10. Example Dinitrogen tetroxide(N2O1)
Acids and Bases
Acid:compound that contains one or more hydrogen.
Name an acid:when Anion ends in ide then its prefix is hydro:The stem of the anion has the suffix ic and is followed by the word acid
Ex:HCl (chloride) hydrochloric acid
When anion ends in ite:the suffix ous followed by the word acid
Ex:H2SO3(sulfite) sulfurous ascid
Anion ends in ate: suffix ic followed b acid
Ex:HNO3(nitrate) nitric scid
Base:an ionic compound that produces hydroxide
Name a base: name cation then anion
Law of definite proportions
Any chemical compound, the masses of elements are always in the same proportion by mass
Law of multiple proportions
The same elements form more than one compound
Examples:SO2 SO4,PO3 PO4
see page 255 and 257
Roman numeral in a chemical name gives the charge
Ending in ide is binary, ending in ite or ate is polyatomic and oxygen is in formula, prefix means compound is molecular.