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[Bronchiolitis] (Pathophyisology (Caused by RSV, Also caused by…
[Bronchiolitis]
Pathophyisology
Caused by RSV
Also caused by parainfluenza, and adenovirus
Inflammation of the bronchioles causes edema and excessive mucus production which can lead to airway obstruction, air trapping and atelectasis
Clinical signs and symptoms
Age ralated
Recent (1-3 days) of cold-like symptoms
Symptoms of lower respiratory tract infections: cough, wheeze, crackles, tachypnea, grunting, nasal flaring, intercostal retractions, mild fever, and possible cyanosis
Diagnostics
Viral screen of common related infections
A thorough physical exam is best
Differential diagnostics
CXR if patient is admitted and shows no sign of improvment
Labs to rule out other diagnosis
Respiratory Management
Hospitalization: Worsened condition, requires oxygen to maintain SpO2 > 90%, continual airway clearance
Suction PRN
Etiology
Viral respiratory tract infection in infants younger than 2 years.