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(2) Enamel (Chemical (Composition (Organic (50% Proteins
Glycine
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(2) Enamel
Chemical
Composition
Mineral
-
Impurity
- Carbonate
- Fluoride
- Magnesium
- Chloride
-
-
-
Distribution
- Minerals: Occlusal more
- Fluoride: Occlusal more
- Proteins: EDJ more
- Carbonate: EDJ more
- Magnesium: EDJ more
-
Physical
-
-
Crystallographic Defect
- Point
- Line
- Heterionic Substitution
2) Secretory
Enamel Matrix/Protein (4% - fully formed)
- Amelogenins (90%)
- Non-amelogenins 910%0
Hydroxyapetite (96% - fully formed)
- From Tome's Process
- Orientation of enamel crystals are different
- Rod + Inter-rod Enamel by Tome's Process
3) Maturation Stage
Transitional Phase
- Apoptosis of Ameloblast
- Reduce height & volume
Maturation Phase (Modulation)
- Degradation of matrix
- Secretion of mineral
1) Pre-secretory
Morphogenetic Phase
Bell Stage:
- Determine shape
- Inner enamel epithelium (Columnar/Cuboidal)
Differentiation Phase
- From Inner Enamel Epithelium to Secretory Ameloblast
- From Columnar/Cuboidal to Tall Columnar
- Attached to each other by junctional complexes
Affects on Dentinogenesis
- Signalling molecules from Inner Enamel Epithelium trigger
- Dental Papilla Cells to Odontoblast
- Odontoblast form Dentin
Clinical Implication
-
-
Laser Purification
- Heal defects
- Remove impurities
-
Morphological
Mixed
Incremental
Perikymata
- Surface extensions of Retzius
Cross Striations (Daily)
- Ameloblast taking break at night
- Organic matrix different composition
Lines of Retzius (Weekly)
- Ameloblast taking break after 7days
- Organic matrix different composition
Pore System
- Inter-prismatic
- Intra-prismatic
Structure
Gnarled Enamel
- Terracing of paddy field
- Crossing of Enamel Rods (At the cusp)
Hunter-schreger Bands
- Bundles of Enamel Rods
- Crossing of Enamel Rods
- Like Dentine Schreger Lines (Primary)
Enamel Lamellae
- Linear enamel defects
- From: Occlusal surface
- Towards: DEJ
Enamel Tufts
- Small branching
- From: EDJ
- To: Enamel
Enamel Spindles
- Trapped odontoblastic processes
- From: EDJ
- Towards: Enamel
Function of Enamel Tufts
- (1) Stop fractures; 3 times stronger
- (2) Increase compliance; Stress Shielding
- (3) Self-healing; Protein rich fluid
C-H-F
- Compliance
- Healing
- Fracture
