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3 -Data (3.5 Databases (Entities (What is an Entity? (An entity is a thing…

- - - - Data must be stored in an organised and ordered way so that it can be retrieved quickly when it is being searched or queried, and links can be made to create information.
      - A database is a persistant and organised store of data.
      - Computers are ideal for storing and manipulating databases as they can search and sort the data far more quickly than a human can.
    - - Data which is stored without being ordered into categories. This makes it difficult to search.
      - Eg. emails, word processing documents, images, social media posts.
      - New software tools, such as data-mining and natural language processing, are being developed to process and interpret this data.
  - - - An entity is a thing which is recognised as being capable of an independent existence and which can be uniquely identified and about which data can be stored.
      - It is usually a physical object or it can be a concept.
    - - The first stage of decomposing data to create a database is to identify the entities.
      - In a school management system, the entities that are identified are items such as the student, teacher, subject, and lesson. All these are independent objects about which data can be stored and which are linked to the running of a school, eg. students are taught particular subjects by teachers in lessons.
  - - - Eg. STUDENT(first name, surname, DoB, year, tutor group)
  - - - This is so that the cells can be used to store data in a structured and organised manner.