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Amino acid (Reaction of the carboxyl group (Decarboxylation to form amine,…
Amino acid
Reaction of the carboxyl group
carboxyl group + ethanol = ester (in the excess of ammonia) = amide
Decarboxylation to form amine
Histidine -> histamine
Reaction of the amino group
Reaction with nitrous acid
Estimation of alpha- amino group of amino acid
Proline & hydroxyproline do not react
Amino group of lysine reacts at slower rate
Reaction with ninhydrin
Most alpha amino group give a blue -purple product
Proline - yellow orange product
Asparagine - brown product
Use for visualization of fingerprint
Chemical Properties
Peptide bond
Disulphide bridge
Sulfhydryl group of amino acid cysteine (highly reactive)
Reversible oxidation - 2 cysteine molecules - cystine
Stabilize various polypeptides and proteins
Cystinuria (genetic disorder)
Defective membrane transport of cystine
Excessive excretion of cystine in the urine
Formation of calculi in the kidneys,ureter and bladder
Treatment
D-penicillamine
Forms disulfide bonds with cysteine
Produce more soluble molecule than cystine