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China: from the mountains to the sea (Some facts about China (China…
China: from the mountains to the sea
Some facts about China
China belongs to the three largest countries in the world together with Russia and Canada.
China borders no less than fourteen countries.
You descend a type of staircase if you travel from West to East. You start in the Himalayas with the Mountain Everest (approx. 8.8 kilometres) on the border with Nepal and you end 5000 kilometres later in the coastal plains.
Two-thirds of China consists of highlands and mountains.
The glaciers and weather elements have created harsh conditions in the high mountain ranges.
The rivers of China
The Yangtze and Huang He Rivers
Start in the highland of Tibet and Qinghai.
Upstream in the West and downstream in the East.
The Yangtze (or the Long River) makes a sharp bend that is visited every year by tourists. The river ends up in the East China Sea after 6380 kilometres.
The Huang He (or the Yellow River) flows through an extensive loess area in the middle section. Vegetation dissapears due to deforestation and over-grazing which causes a decrease in soil. In wet periods, the loess flushes from the slopes and dissapears into the river. Therefore it is yellow.
During peak discharges, the Huang He causes floods.
Erosion
The soil erosion in China is sometimes the cause of wind erosion
Climate of China
Due to its location and size, these climates are present in China:
Tropical Climate in the South-East.
High Mountain Climate in the South-West.
Desert Climate in the North-West.
Temperate Sea Climate in the East.
Continental Climate in the North-East.
Steppe Climate in the transition areas in the North.
The Climates in China are determined by four things:
The geographical latitude.
The prevailing wind direction.
The mountain ranges.
The influence of the sea and oceans.
The precipitation regime is rising due to global climate change. The snow line moves upwards in the high mountain ranges while the North-East of China is in a state of desertification.