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SETTING-OUT AND CURVE RANGING (Equipment used in setting out (Theodolites,…
SETTING-OUT AND CURVE RANGING
Setting out
It is a procedure to ensure that a specific project or design feature is correctly positioned on site for construction
It can be considered the reverse of the surveying process
Equipment used in setting out
Theodolites
Electronic distance measurement (EDM)
Levels
GPS equipment
Tapes
Total station
Laser equipment
Curves
Defined as arcs, with finite radius, provided between intersecting straight lines to facilitate a gradual change in direction
Types of curves
Vertical curves
Horizontal curves
Types of sight distances
Full overtaking sight distance (FOSD)
Stopping sight distance (SSD)