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Key Points (What does an OS do? (It manages all of the software and…
Key Points
What does an OS do?
Most of the time, there are several different computer programs running at the same time, and they all need to access your computer's central processing unit (CPU), memory, and storage.
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GUI Features
Graphical user interfaces, such as Microsoft Windows and the one used by the Apple Macintosh, feature the following basic components:
Pointer: A symbol that appears on the display screen and that you move to select objects and commands. Usually, the pointer appears as a small angled arrow.
Pointing device: A device, such as a mouse or trackball, that enables you to select objects on the display screen.
Icons: Small pictures that represent commands, files, or windows. By moving the pointer to the icon and pressing a mouse button, you can execute a command or convert the icon into a window.
Desktop: The area on the display screen where icons are grouped is often referred to as the desktop because the icons are intended to represent real objects on a real desktop.
Windows: You can divide the screen into different areas. In each window, you can run a different program or display a different file. You can move windows around the display screen, and change their shape and size at will.
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CLI
A command-line interface or command language interpreter (CLI), also known as command-line user interface, console user interface and character user interface (CUI)
It is a means of interacting with a computer program where the user (or client) issues commands to the program in the form of successive lines of text
Multiple-users
Multi-user software is software that allows access by multiple users of a computer. Time-sharing systems are multi-user systems.
. Most batch processing systems for mainframe computers may also be considered "multi-user", to avoid leaving the CPU idle while it waits for I/O operations to complete
Multi-tasking
Is Doing many different tasks at the same time - effectively, a single user operating system which allows you to multi-task. Personal computers can multi-task very well.
In computing, multitasking is the concurrent execution of multiple tasks (also known as processes) over a certain period of time. New tasks can interrupt already started ones before they finish, instead of waiting for them to end.
Security
ICT security refers to relevant incidents as well as measures, controls and procedures applied by enterprises in order to ensure integrity, confidentiality and availability of their data and ICT systems.
Cybersecurity, computer security or IT security is the protection of computer systems from the theft and damage to their hardware, software or information, as well as from disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.
ICT(Information and Communication technology) security refers the enterprises all incidents like controls, procedures and growth level in an organization. In order to ensure integrity, confidentiality and availability of their data and overall information and technology systems.
Cyber Security is a common attacks like malware, data theft, unauthorized access and theft on your devices like laptop or mobile etc. It should come under both physical and technology theft.
Main Operating Systems
The three most common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. Modern operating systems use a graphical user interface, or GUI
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Utilities programs
Computer security includes antivirus, spyware protection and firewalls.
Disk organisation includes formatting, file transfer and defragmentation.
System maintenance includes system information and diagnosis, system clean up tools and automatic updating.
System Maintenance
• System information and diagnostics automatically check for errors on the computer system. They will look for bad sectors on a disk and files which have been fragmented and either automatically correct the file or notify the user of what needs to be done.
Many programs leave temporary files which take up large amounts of space; system clean up tools delete these unused files and free up space.
Most programs and operating systems require automatic updating to fix known bugs and security risks.
• These update are usually updated from an internet connection and install the new software automatically but this can be changed to that the user is notified of updates and they can manually update the system.
Disk Defragmentation
Defragmentation is the process of locating the noncontiguous fragments of data into which a computer file may be divided as it is stored on a hard disk, and rearranging the fragments and restoring them into fewer fragments or into the whole file.
Fragmentation makes your hard disk do extra work that can slow down your computer. Removable storage devices such as USB flash drives can also become fragmented. Disk Defragmenter in Windows rearranges fragmented data so your disks and drives can work more efficiently.
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