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Antibiotics General Indications (CELL WALL SYN. INHIBITORS (ß-Lactams…

- - - - H. influenzae
      - PAE
      - w benzylpenicillin
        
        N. menigitidis
      - w azithromycin (macrolide)
        
        N. gonorrhoea
      - w ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone)
        
        Salmonella
  - - - UTI
      - LRTI
      - generally ESBLs, GNs, anaerobes
      - SEs: allergy, CDAD, neurotox
  - - - Strep
      - N. meningitidis
      - C. perfringens
      - Treponema pallidum
    - - Staph.
    - - H. pylori
    - - w gentamycin (aminoglycoside)
        
        Enterococci
        
        neonatal meningitis
      - Listeria monocytogenes
    - - PAE
    - - M. catarrhalis
      - Enterobacteriaceae
      - UTIs
  - - - MOA: inhibits transglycosylation of cell wall precursor, earlier effect than the rest
      - MRSA 1st line; linezolid 2nd line
      - SEs: Red man syndrome, nephrotox, ototox, thrombophlebitis
      - Staph.
      - C. difficile 2nd line; metronidazole 1st line
        
        prevent VRE
- - - - Tetracycline #
        
        Vibrio cholerae
      - Doxycycline
        
        OIPs - Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Rickettsia
        
        Clostridium
        
        Bacillus anthraxis
      - MOA: prevent tRNA binding to A
      - Tigecycline
        
        MRSA, VRE
      - SEs: CDAD, phototox, hepatotox, deposition in bones, tooth discolouration/hypoplasia
    - - MOA: inhibit initiation complex formation, site A misreading & mismatch;
        
        X oral X CSF
      - Streptomycin
        
        TB
      - Tobramycin
        
        PAE
      - Amikacin
      - Neomycin
        
        Bowel surg. prep
      - Gentamycin
        
        w penicillin
        
        Enterococcal endocarditis
        
        S. agalactiae
        
        w ampicillin
        
        Listeria monocytogenes
      - SEs: nephrotox, ototox, NM paralysis, HS, Xpreg
  - - - MOA: inhibit translocation
      - Erythromycin
        
        Legionella pneomophilia #
        
        Chlamydia
        
        Mycoplasma pneumoniae #
        
        S. aureus
        
        N. gonorrhoea
        
        Opthalmia neonatorum #
        
        Bordetella pertussis/parapertussis
        
        Corynebacterium diptheriae
      - Azithromycin
        
        w ceftiaxone
        
        N. gonorrhoea
      - Clarithromycin
      - SEs: ototox, hepatotox, GI discomfort
    - - C. perfringens
      - SEs: CDAD, hepatorenal failure, allergy
    - - Linezolid
        
        C. difficile 3rd line
        
        MRSE, VRE, VRSA
        
        SEs: myelosuppression, serotonin syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuritis
- - - - Enterobacteriaceae
      - UTI
      - Campylobacter
    - - pneumonia GP/anaerobes
  - - - MOA: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase conversion of DHF to THF
      - SEs: folic acid deficiency; admin w folinic acid not DHF direct
        
        Megaloblastic anemia
        
        Leukopenia
        
        granulocytopenia
      - UTI
    - - Pneumocystic jirovecii pneumonia 1st line
      - recurrent UTI
      - prostatitis
    - - Sulfamethoxazole (SMX)
        
        MOA: inhibits dihidropteroate synthase for DHF precursor syn.; NA on humans bc acq. precursor fr diet
        
        SEs: allergy, hemolytic anemia in G6PD, crystalluria bc tendency to ppt at neutral/acidic pH, kernicterus bc displaces bilirubin fr albumin binding, bleed bc displaces warfarin fr albumin binding
  - - - UTI 2nd line
      - MOA: reduced by bacterial compound, inhibits essential bacterial enzymes
      - SEs: brown urine, DNV, allergy, cholecystatic jaundice, hepatocell damage, pulm tox, Xpreg, X renal bc excreted unchanged
- - - - CDAD
      - bacteroides