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Persuasive Techniques Notes (Persuasive techniques (first half)…
Persuasive Techniques Notes
Logical Fallacies (first half)
circular argument
this restates the arguments rather than actually proving it
Either/ or
a conclusion that oversimplify the argument by reducing it to only two sides or choices
begging the claim
A conclusion that the writer should prove is validated within the claim
Genetic Fallacy
a conclusion based on ana argument that the origins of a person idea or theory determine its character nature or worth
ad populum
Ad hominem
an attack on the character of a person rather than his or her opinions or arguments
Green peace's strategies aren't effective because they are all dirty, lazy hippies
an emotional appeal that speaks to positive ( patriotism, religion, democracy or negative ( terrorism or facecism )
Hasty generalization
a conclusion based on insufficient ot biased evidence. in other words you are rushing to a conclusion before you have all relevant facts
Logical Fallacies (second half)
post hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
A conclusion after B the B must have caused A
red herring
A diversionary tactic that avoids the key issues, often by avoiding opposing arguments rather that addressing them
Moral equivalence
Comparing minor misdeeds with major atrocities
straw man
Oversimplifying an opponent's viewpoint and then attacking that hollow argument.
slippery slope
A diversionary tactic that avoids the key issues, often by avoiding opposing arguments rather than addressing them
Persuasive techniques (first half)
Inclusive/ exclusive language
Use of we, us and our to show solidarity, or They and
them to show exclusion.
Example
-were all in this together
Rhetorical questions
questions which do not expect an answer
Example
-Are you okay?
Attacks
portray opposing views or people as foolish, dangerous, uncaring or deceitful
Example
-If you believe that university is easier than college then you are a fool
Cause and effect
arguing that one thing lead to another
Example
-because you ate too much you had a stomachache
Evidence
Use expert opinion and research finding and
anecdotal evidence to prove a point.
Example
-Studies show that....
-Experts say that....
-According to....
Connotation
Using emotionally loaded words
Example
-child=neutral emotional association
Appeal
Playing with audiences emotions
Example
-emotions (would be happy if..)
-fear (if you don't...)
-needs and desires
Analogy
Comparing one thing to another in order to prove a
point.
Example
-I hate
_
trying to pass it is like trying to swim up a waterfall
purpose
Meant to establish a common understanding of terms for common Persuasive Techniques.
Example
-Term, definition, and example
Persuasive techniques (second half)
formal language
using higher level language with limited emotional reactions to sound more knowledgeable
jargon
using technical terms to show oneself to be an expert in the field they are discussing
colloquial language
informal, everyday language used to appear friendly and similar to their audience
alliteration
repetition of initial consonant sounds to add emphasis
assonance
repetition of vowel sounds for emphasis
Humor
using puns such as irony, sarcasm, satire, and jokes to discredit opposing views
generalization
making a statement about a whole group based upon based upon one or two members of the group
ex, sport fans are crazy
analogy
comparing one thing to another in order to prove a point
ex, I hate math trying to pass its like trying to swim up a waterfall