Density is a measure of 'compactness' of a substance. Density tells you how much mass is packed into a given volume of space. A dense material has its particles packed tightly together.

To find the density of a Solid Object:

• Find the volume by either: using the formula wigth x height x length or for a trickier shape by submerging it in a eureka filled with water. The water displaced by the object will be transferred to the measuring cylinder. Record the volume of water in the measuring cylinder. This is the volume of the object. Use the equation to find the density.

To find the density of a liquid:

• Place a measuring cylinder on a balance and zero the balance.
• Pour 10 ml of the liquid into the measuring cylinder and record the liquid's mass.
• Pour another 10 ml into the measuring cylinder and record the total volume and mass. Repeat the process until the measuring cylinder is full.
• For each measurement, use the formula to find the density.
• Take an average of your calculated densities.

Internal energy is stored by the Particles that make up a system.

The internal energy of a system is the total energy that its particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores.

Gases

• almost no forces of attraction between particles
• more energy than solids
• travel in random directions at high speed as have no fixed positions
• low density

The higher the Kinetic energy, the faster the particles move.