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(Persuasive (Attacks (Portraying opposite views or people as foolish. …
Persuasive
Attacks
Portraying opposite views or people as foolish. Ex. Kelso and Hyde have different opinions about each other.
Evidence
using statistics, opinions, and anecdotal evidence to prove the point. Ex.A commercial about a painkiller for children includes evidence in the form of a pediatrician talking about how she recommends the product as safe and effective.
Appeal
playing on the audience emotions, fears, needs, and desires.
Ex. Saying something that might change the mood of the audience.
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Rhetorical Question
Questions which do not expect an answer and are asked for effect only.
Ex. asking something but does not want an answer back.
Cause and Effect
Arguing that one thing led to the other. Ex.Cause: It had begun to rain.
Effect: Sally and Jake had to run inside.
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Analogy
Comparing one thing to another in order to prove a point. Ex.Life is like a race. The one who keeps running wins the race, and the one who stops to catch a breath loses.
Generalization
Making a sweeping statement about a whole group based upon one or two members of the group. Ex. saying something against.
Humor
Using puns, irony, jokes,sarcasm, etc.... Ex.What time does Sean Connery arrive at Wimbledon? Tennish.
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Formal Language
Using higher level language. Ex.The girl whom I met in Singapore was interested in working in Australia.
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Alliteration
repetition of initial consonant sounds to add
emphasis Ex.Alice’s aunt ate apples and acorns around August.
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logical
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Ad Hominem- an attack on the characters personalities ex.A lawyer attacking a defendant’s character rather than addressing or questioning based on the case
Ad populum-a proposition must be true because many or most people believe it
ex.Everyone's doing it; therefore, it must be good.
Begging the claim- The conclusion of a claim ex.Everyone wants the new iPhone because it is the hottest new gadget on the market!
circular argument- restates the argument ex. the Bible is true, so you should not doubt the Word of God.
Genetic fallacy- irrelevance involving ones origin ex.My sixth grade teacher, Mr. Harris, said that all women are bad drivers, so it must be true.
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Hasty generalization- rushing to a conclusion ex.Three out of four school teachers prefer Bright Marks Markers, but I only asked four teachers total.
Moral equivalence-deny that a moral comparison can be made of two sides in a conflict ex. PETA drawing a moral equivalence between the consumption of meat and the Holocaust in an ad campaign.
Post hoc ergo propter hoc- Since event Y followed event X, event Y must have been caused by event X ex. Our soccer team was losing until I bought new shoes. We have not lost a game since I got my lucky shoes!
red herring- an irrelevant topic introduced in an argument to divert the attention of the reader. ex. When your mom gets your phone bill and you have gone over the limit, you begin talking to her about how hard your math class is and how well you did on a test today.
slippery slope-suggests taking a minor action will lead to major and sometimes ludicrous consequences. ex. If we allow the children to choose the movie this time, they are going to expect to be able to choose the school they go to or the doctors they visit.
Straw man- over simplifying the opponent's view point ex. Senator Smith says that the nation should not add to the defense budget. Senator Jones says that he cannot believe that Senator Smith wants to leave the nation defenseless.