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Geography chapter 3 Coursebook (3.2 India, land of contrasts (Why did…
Geography chapter 3 Coursebook
3.1 India, land of monsoons
3 regions in India based on relief
North, bordered by the Himalayas
High mountain range
Highest mountain in the world, Mount Everest, 8848 metres
Freezing cold, mountains are always covered in snow and ice
Bordering the mountain regions, coastal plain
2 major rivers, Indus + Ganges
Densely populated
Fertile farmland, because of silt deposited by rivers when flooding
Centre, the Deccan plateau
400-800 metres, gently rolling landscape
Bordered on the west coast by the Western Ghats, 1600 metres
Why are there differences in precipitation?
Rainy season, Summer
Hot air rises, lack of air flow is filled up by sea air
Sea air is moist and tropical, South-West monsoon
Precipitation on the west coast and in the Himalayas
Dry season, Winter
Exactly the opposite from Summer happens
Offshore wind, which is dry
Monsoon = wind that changes direction every 6 months
3.2 India, land of contrasts
Why did India become a federation?
Big country
Conflicts about religion and language
Tensions because of enormous class differences
Cultural differences in India
Language
21 of 100 languages officially recognized,
Hindi biggest language, two-thirds of the Indians
Many people in the South see their language as inferior to Hindi
English bridges the linguistic differences
Religion
80% is Hindu, 160 million people are Muslim, also, Christians, Buddhists, Sikhs and followers of Jainism
Consequences of the caste system
3.3 Booming India
3.4 India shining?
3.5 Emerging countries