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Competing in a global context (ECONOMIES inter-dependent Global…
Competing in a global context
Aim: Achieve sustainability
GLOBAL TRADE ENVIRONMENT
digital technology
transportation developments
changes in trade
ORGANISATIONS
Global trends and events
Global rules and support
World Bank -
Funds Projects
WTO - trade rules
IMF - Loans
Integrating global and local forces=
glocalisation
Why trade globally?
Comparative advantage -
specialisation 'diamond model'
Competitive position in the market
'Five Forces of Competition'
Counter-trends: nationalisation
Converge - international best practice
Diverge - local needs
Crossvergence.- glocalisation (differentiate/innovate)
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Strategy: Off-shoring - cost saving
Strategy: Re-shoring -
Performance: quality, speed, flexibility, unit cost
Supply Chain Management
Vertically integrated supply chain
versus Outsourcing
ECONOMIES inter-dependent
Global Imbalances/FINANCE
Competitive devaluations =
competitive advantage
Economic stability:
IMF
World Bank
Balance of payment = comparative position
Surplus versus deficit countries
Protectionism and nativism /
MNC deters healthy competition
Urbanisation: City Leadership -
Generate biz and social opportunities
Tax competition / Tax avoidance
BEPS Project
Foreign Exchange Market: Volatile exchange rates
Government intervention
HRM within globalisation
Was: employee relations / Is: HRM
structuring organisational relations and values
International labour market - Fresh possibilities / worrying pressures
Manage cultural differences / maximise opportunities
Need to remain globally competitive
declining worker protection and wages
job insecurity
provides employers with greater power - lessening bargaining power of nations
INTERNATIONAL
MARKETING
macro and micro environment
variety of modes of entry
appropriate adaptation to local context
Brand identity
Brand image
Reputation
Opportunities and challenges- technology - social media
Social responsibility CSR