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Postwar Uncertainty (Revolution in the Arts (Composers Try New Styles…

- - - - Some liked to go outside the box by using bold colors and distorted or exaggerated forms like Paul Klee and Wassily Kandinsky
      - Others like Georges Braque of France were inspired by traditional African Art.
      - Another great artist who's name is Pablo Picasso founded Cubism in 1907, which was natural shapes transformed into geometric forms by breaking down different parts with sharp angles and edges.
      - Surrealism - An art movement that linked the world of dreams with real life, was inspired by Freud’s ideas. The term surreal means “beyond or above reality.” This meant many painting were more dream like and objects were drawn in unrealistic ways.
      - How was surrealism connected with Freud’s ideas?
        This was connected to Freud's ideas because this linked the world of dreams with real life.
      - What aspects of earlier music did new composers rebel against? They rebelled against the early realistic styles of painting and moved toward depicting the inner world of emotion and imagination.
  - - - The famous Russian composer Igor Stravinsky did used these methods in The Rite of Spring (ballet masterpiece)
      - Others like the Austrian composer who goes by Arnold Schoenberg rejected the traditional harmonies and musical scales.
- - - - Many wrote eerie novels which included The Trial and The Caste
        
        The books showed people caught in threatening situations, that they couldn't understand nor escape from.
        
        Many novels showed influence of Freud's theories on the unconscious
        
        One of James Joyce's books that gained a lot attention was the novel Ulysses
        
        This book wasn't like others, Joyce broke normal sentence structure, and showed the life of 3 people in Dublin, Ireland.
        
        Why to read Ulysses
        
        Influence- these novels changed how people thought about life its self
        
        Why did writers’ visions of the present and future change?
        
        It changed because of what was happening post war, and how every thing was like a barren waste land
      - War- post war times, leaving an affect on the people
  - - - Existentialists believed that there was no true meaning to life
        
        And that each person creates their own meaning for life.
        
        The existentialists were influenced by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche
        
        How might have Nietzsche’s ideas have influenced politicians?
        
        He wrote of different ideas which included reason and democracy.
  - - - Some writers expressed their anxieties by making disturbing visions of the present and future.
        
        T.S. Eliot wrote that society had lost its spiritual values
        
        Describing the postwar world as a "barren" wasteland, that was drained of all hope and faith
        
        Another poet wrote of the dark times that were yet to come
        
        About T.S. Eliot
- - - - Why were young people so eager?
      - The concept of pattern applies to the way young people are usually ones to lead change.
  - - - The war was something that allowed women to take new roles. These roles were helpful in their fight for voting rights.
        
        The United States, Britain, Germany, Sweden, and Austria all adopted women's rights to vote following the war.
        
        Were there any countries with voting rights for women before the war?
        
        Women's Suffrage and WWI
      - The concept of change applies to the changing roles of women in society.
    - - They started wearing makeup, driving cars, and even smoking and drinking in public.
        
        Many women still followed their old ways of living, but many started to speak out for their freedoms.
        
        In fact Margaret Sanger and Emma Goldman both spoke out for birth control and were arrested.
        
        In the midst of this, women's roles in medicine, education, journalism, and other professions grew.
        
        Birth Control Pioneer
        
        What goals were women seeking in the 1920’s?
        
        They were seeking freedom to do what they choose. They didn't want to be controlled by men.
      - How did the changes in women’s clothes reflect their changing roles?
        
        The act of women defying standard put in place by men by wearing what they wanted mirrored the way they took jobs they wanted.
- - - - Why were Einstein's ideas upsetting to many people? People didn't like the idea that the way the universe worked wasn't set in stone. They wanted concrete things in their lives, not weird ideas about relativity.
      - Values and Beliefs: New ideas in science were changing peoples views on the world.
      - More information on Albert Einstein
    - - This idea made people question the thought that morality and logic will always prevail.
        
        In what way were Freud's ideas as revolutionary as Einstein's? Freud greatly changed the way psychologists were thinking. It also weakened peoples faith in reason.
      - Info on Freud's ideas in psychology