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Variations in Human Health (ALGERIA (:check: 1980-2014 (GDP/capita…
Variations in Human Health
ALGERIA
:check: 1980-2014
GDP/capita increased +/- 30%
life expectancy at birth increased by 16.6 years (now 76)
schooling years increased by 4.5 years
HDI rose from 0.574 to 0.736
:red_cross: Developing country characteristics
low literacy rates
20% rural population lack safe sanitation
23% live below poverty line
:red_flag: IMPROVEMENTS DUE TO: strong leadership and governance with the use of oil wealth to drive public investment
Millenium Development Goals
met and surpassed ahead of 2015 target
1999 - 2015: reduced extreme poverty and hunger by half
2011: primary school enrollment of 98.16% children <6
infant and maternal fatalities decreased dramatically
DCR
conflict since 1998
civil war officially over however there is still fighting
extensive migration of young adults to urban areas in search of work
threat to future stability f they remain poor and unemployed
:red_cross: GDP/capita world's 3rd lowest
40% children <5 suffer from chronic malnutrition
most of population living in state of moderate to serious food insecurity
40% children 5-15 forced to work
low life expectancy, <56
infant and maternal rates highest with most women giving birth before 20
47.6% of water deemed unimproved
:check: health expenditure as % of GDP higher than most African countries
:red_flag: LACK OF SUCCESS DUE TO: unstable governance, civil conflict, controversial election procedures and power struggles
BRAZIL
:red_flag: VARIATION DUE TO: difference in lifestyle
:check: highest life expectancy occurring in southeast due to better jobs which improve housing conditions
low in Rio due to volume of shanty towns
:red_cross: lower expectancy in northern areas reflect remoteness and lack of development
indigenous populations relying on traditional medicines
+/- 900 000 Ameridians currently compared to 5 million during colonisation
expected 20 years less life expectancy than non-indigenous
2013: men at 70.4 years, women at 77.6 years
UK
:red_flag: SUCCESS DUE TO: medical advances, changes in the UK economy, improvements in diet and housing
the range of life expectancy differs within the country
socio-economic groups
difference in occupation see variation in housing conditions, attitudes towards diet and health and working safety
North-East England below average due to poor health (smoking and alcohol consumption) and low expenditure on healthy foods
ethnic groups
inherited genes affect life expectancy
Chinese in the UK had the longest life span in 2001, Bangladeshi the lowest
country and county
small difference between UK's 3 countries likely due to lifestyle differences and affluence levels
15 years difference between healthy men of Richard-upon-Thames and Manchester
heart disease and cancer more common amongst deprived areas
:check: life expectancy has increased drastically from <50 years in the 20th century to currently >80
AUSTRALIA
:red_flag: INEQUALITY DUE TO: poor quality of life for aboriginal people due to lack of government to address Aboriginal issues
:check: Close the Gap
decrease infant morality
narrow divide in literacy and numeracy levels
increase proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders completing high school
:red_cross: indigenous life expectancy 10 years less than non
high mortality rates at middle age (45-64)
high rates of chronic disease and injury
deprivation
smoking, alcohol abuse and use of illicit substances
low levels of education and employment
1 of 8 countries to have both men and women averages >80