History Revision 2018
The English Civil War
1642-1651
Life in Victorian England
Gunpowder plot 5 November 1605
A plot by some Catholics to blow up the houses of Parliament because they didn't like unfair treatment of Catholics in Britain who were not allowed freedom to worship. A plot member warned a relative and they were caught. Guy Fawkes, John Wright, Thomas Wintour, Thomas Percy, Robert Keyes, Thomas Bates, Robert Wintour, Christopher Wright, John Grant, Ambrose Rookwood, Sir Everard Digby and Francis Tresham. They were all horrribly executed and catholics were even more harshly treated afterwards.
Execution of Charles 1 1649
MPs thought Charles should be given another chance
Oliver Cromwell's troops blocked access to parliament
The remaining MPs voted to put Charles on trial for treason
135 Judges were chosen to try Charles, only 67 attended.
They recorded that Charles had admitted guilt when he had not
He was sentenced to death
Charles 2 crowned 1660
Charles enjoyed drinking and celebration
Was loved by the people
Oliver Cromwell lord protector 1653-58
Ruled England as a republic
Introduced strick protestant regulations
Banned Christmas, colourful dresses, Inns
Some sources show Cromwell as humble hero others show him as a vilian
Jack the Ripper 1888-1891
An unknown person who gruesomely murdered 5 prostitutes in Victorian London
Mary Ann Nichols, Annie Chapman, Elizabeth Stride, Catherine Eddowes, and Mary Jane Kelly
He probably had medical training
He sent letters to the police boasting of his crimes but some of them might not have been written by him
James 1
1603-1625
The Plague 1665
Caused by fleas on rats
Killed over 100K people
People had no idea how to cure
Believed in Miazma
Believed plague was punishment from God
The Fire of London
Started in Pudding Lane by baker called Thomas Farynor in 2-5th Spet1666
Wooden terraced houses, narrow streets
Normal process of stopping fires was to demolish nearby buildings
Mayor stopped firemen as no landlords permission
Strong winds on day of fire, destroyed most of London but not stone churches
Causes
Participants
Round-heads (parliament)
Wore hats with feather and dressed in a more bohemian style
carried a match-lock musket
Cavilers (King)
New Model Army
Carried pike, pistol and wore armour
Long term Causes
James I unpopular & believed in divine right of Kings
Charles I also believed in divine right of Kings
Charles and parliament fell out over religion, money, taxes
Parliament refused to give CI money
CI dissolved parliament
CI introduced unpopular taxes
Decorated churches angering puritans
Made Scotland use an English prayer book
Sent army to Scotland but they were beaten
Scotish demanded money
Charles forced to recall parliament
Short-term causes
MP gave Charles long list of demands
Charles agreed that Parliament would meet every 3 years
Charles forced to execute Strafford.
Parliament increased demands in Grand Remonstrance
Trigger of Civil War
King stormed parliament and attempted to arrest 5 MPs. They had been warned and escaped.
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Industrial Revolution1750-1900
Invention of new types of cheap, fast production
Factory reform
About Titus suit: Titus saw that his factory workers working in bad conditions and often died he realized this was because of partly the smoke so he replaced his boilers with more environmentally friendly one night this boiler suit tried to sell it to other people but they said it was too expensive so you continued with Sue's ambition of making work better for his workers and sold all his factories and built a whole village where his workers could live in houses and go to the meal every day which give them much cleaner and nicer conditions so they weren't scared when they came to work.
Life in Factories
Some children were even still chimney sweeps close from chimneys that were tiny, they lived in cramped conditions with no inside toilet or running water, Lots of children got injured as a result of working in the mill, They worked long hours normally 12 to 14 hours a day, Children were lied to: an example of this is a boy who was told he was going to be made into a gentleman and plum pudding and roast dinner signed up for working in a mill when he got there he only got rid of all the hard wooden bench and he had to stay there until 21
Industrial Cities
dark smoggy
bad for health
cramped
factory reform
1833 factory act: limited hours children could work
1842 mines act: meant to children under 10 and women could not work in the mines
1844 factory act: all machinery needs to be fenced in
1847 10 hours act: maximum working day
Cities
Population of cities rose enormously
Dirty, cramped conditions, up to 50 people per room
Houses were crammed in together
Muck and filth was everywhere
Only 1 in 10 get treated water from waterworks
Widespread illness and disease
smog
Diseases
Life expectancy was low (17 yrs?)
Cholera - caused dehydration and killed
Children
Did not have to attend school
Some had 1 hr per week
Women
Few opportunities to earn money
Many turned to alcohol and prostitution
Prison
Poor conditions, made to work doing pointless activities
Wardens were unpaid by the state
Wardens were paid by prisoners for things such as bedding
over 100 crimes punishable by death
severe punishments for small crimes
Children tried same as adults
Police
Untrained
wore tops hat
were male, under 35
3000 Policemen
Paid 5p/day
James believed in the Divine Right of Kings, he wasted lots of money on expensive things and sold positions in govt to people. Spent lots of time hunting so advisors couldn't talk to him, gave his friends important positions. Distanced himself from people of England, avoided problems from overseas and everything he did was decided on whether England could afford it rather than whether it was good for England.