Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Unit 4 (Franz Joseph Hayden (Hayden "Military" Symphony (LG19,…
Unit 4
Franz Joseph Hayden
(1732-1809)
Austrian Born
Mature Classical Style
Hayden's Symphony:
Father of Symphony
Over 100 written symphonies
London Symphonies
Last 12 (93-104)
Hayden "Military" Symphony
LG19
Symphony No. 100 " Military" (1794)
One of the 12 London Symphonies
"Military" nickname comes from the turkish instruments
Music and Passion
From Classical to Romantic
Romanticism a self-conscious break from Enlightenment ideals
Early 1800's
Beethoven
Society didn't accept all the artists and their music
Bohemians
Originality and Self-expression
Romantic Characteristics:
Melodic lyricism, “singing” melodies
Harmony more chromatic, dissonant, and expressive
Forms expanded, symphonic poem, choral
Themes
Dreams and passions
God and nature
Good versus evil
Destiny with life and death
Historical Influences: Revolutions
French Revolution
Transfer of power to the middle class
◦ Industrial Revolution
Urbanization
Free enterprise, individualism, Democracy
Chapter 43: Romantic Symphonies
The Nineteenth-Century Symphony
Emotion is absolute or programmatic?
Opportunity for individual interpretation
◦ Programmatic:
program music was a step backward from the potential of
music to express things beyond words
Absolute:
relied on structures of sound for expression
Moving the Public:
Large venues for the common people
Bigger bands and orchestras
Rise of the Conductor aka “Maestro”
Johannes Brahms
(1833–1897)
Born Hamburg, Germany
Folk Music
Hungarian Dances
Started writing symphonies at age forty
Only 4 symphonies
Brahms’s Symphony No. 3 in F Major
(LG34)
1883
◦ Romantic in tone, Classical in form
◦ Three-Note Motive Throughout
Romantic Piano Music: Chapter 38
19th Century Piano
central to the Western musical tradition
Suited to amateurs and professionals
Concert Halls and at home
Rise of the virtuoso pianist
Dazzle the crowds
Improvements:
Factory-made, standardization, affordability
Improved mechanical action, extended range
