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Class 11. Fatty Acid Oxidation - Ketone Bodies (Ketone Bodies (Made in…
Class 11. Fatty Acid Oxidation - Ketone Bodies
Physiological role
to provide energy
BAT generates heat
First Reaction
Activation of FA
Enzyme: Acetyl CoA synthetase
Location: outside mitochondria
Product: Acyl CoA + AMP
2 ATP used
Transport by Carnitine to mitochondrial matrix
4 Reactions
Hydration
Addition of OH at Beta C
Oxidation
NADH released
OH converted to keto group
FA Oxidation
FADH2 released
Enzyme: Acetyl CoA dehydrogenase
double bond made btw alpha and beta C
Thiolysis
Product: Acetyl CoA + Acyl CoA shortened by 2 carbons
Energetics for palmitoyl CoA
8 acetyl CoA: 80 ATP
7NADH + 7 FADH2: 28 ATP
Minus 2 for activation
106 ATP in total
Ketone Bodies
Made in liver
transported to brain and cardiac muscle
Acetoacetate enters TCA cycle as Succinyl CoA
occurs in case of extreme starvation and low conc of OAA
ex: Acetone, beta hydroxy butyrate