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Isomers (Structural (they differ in (Structure, Name, Physical and…
Isomers
Structural
isomers with the same structural formula
they differ in
Structure
Name
Physical and physical properties
ex :C4H10 (it has two isomers)
butane
2-methyl propane
Stereoisomer :is when the carbon is rotated
Geometric
has only two isomers (Cis-Trans) if a compound is a cis then there MUST be a trans form of it
ONLY in alkenes
around the double bond two similar groups must be found
Cis: the similar groups are found on the same side
Trans: the similar groups are found on different sides
It is not a Geometric isomer when
similar groups are attached to the same carbon
when there are no similar groups
three similar groups are found
ex:
Optical ; there must be
an asymmetric carbon
optical isomers are mirror images from one another but not superimposed
the asymmetric carbon must be surrounded be 4 different groups
they have similar Physical and chemical properties
ex: