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Roots (Other Types of Roots and Root Modifications (Prop Roots (Buttress…
Roots
Other Types of Roots and Root Modifications
Storage Roots
Used in Spring and Winter
Perennial Plants
Shoots do not die
Prop Roots
No soil contact
Act as Stabilizers
Buttress Roots
Tropical Trees
Aerial Roots of Orchids
Epiphytic
Adapted to Drought conditions
Waterproof epidermis
Contractile Roots
More common
Shorten and expand radically
Root Nodules and Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrogen Fixation
Atmospheric nitrogen
Into usable compounds
Infection Thread
Bacterium is inside
Root Nodule
Haustorial Roots of Parasitic Flowering Plants
Haustoria
Highly modified
Adhere to host
Inadequate for growth
Roots of Strangler Figs
Grow as Epiphytes
kill host tree
Roots cling to bark
Mycorrhizae
Ectomycorhizal Relationship
Woody forest plants
Endomycorrhizal Association
Herbaceous
Internal Structure of Roots
Root Caps
Protect Apical Meristem
Constantly Regenerating
Root Apical Meristem
Originate in Meristem
Quiescent Center
Inactive Central Region
Zone of Elongation
Where Cells Expand
No cells mature
Tissues are permeable
Zone of Maturation/Root Hair Zone
Root hairs grow outward
No Distinct Boundry
Endodermis
Tangenial Walls
Casparian Strips
Bands of Altered Walls
Pericycle
Irregular Region
Mature Portions of the Root
Passage Cells
Only Casparian Strips
Root Pressure
Water Pressure
Concepts
Roots Absorb
Taproots
Store carbohydrates
Roots produce hormones
Several types
External Structure of Roots
Organization of Root Systems
Lateral Roots
Branch roots
Numerous and small
Radicle
Embryonic root
Fibrous Root System
Monocots and Eudicots
Adventitious Roots
Absorb and transport
Not Radicles
Structure of Individual Roots
Root Cap
Thick layer of cells
Mucigel
Secretion
Zone of Elongation
Division and Expansion
Root Hair Zone
Epidermal cells extended
Root hairs
Root not Elongating
Origin and Development of Lateral Roots
Lateral Roots
In Pericycle
Different from Bud formations
