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Lymphatic and Immune (Lymphatic (Secondary lymphatic (Spleen (Hilum (blood…

- - - - Site of B-Lymphocyte maturation
    - - Site of T-lymphocyte maturation and differentiation
  - - - Hilum
        
        blood vessels and nerves enter and leave spleen
      - Splenic artery
        
        delivers blood to spleen
      - splenic vein
        
        drains blood from spleen
      - White pulp
        
        spherical clusters of T-lymphocytes and macrophages
        
        surround central artery
      - Red Pulp
        
        RBC, platelets, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes
        
        Housed in splenic cords
      - Splenic sinusoids
        
        Associated with red pulp
        
        ultimately drain to splenic vein
    - - Palatine tonsil
      - lingual tonsil
      - Phrayngeal tonsil
        
        called adenoids when enlarged
    - - Trabeculae
        
        subdivide nodes into compartments
      - Cortex
        
        composed of lymphatic nodules
        
        germinal center
        
        houses proliferating B-lymphocytes and some macrophages
      - Medulla
        
        mantle zone
        
        T-lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells
    - - primarily in ielium
        
        Peyer patches
        
        Prevent microbes from crossing intestine
    - - Afferent lymphatic vessels
        
        Lymph into nodes
      - Efferent Lymphatic vessels
        
        Lymph out of node
- - - - Triggered by antigens
        
        clones itself when encountering antigens
        
        makes plasma proteins to produce andtibodies
    - - activated by antigen
        
        stimulates macrophages to destroy pathogen
    - - present atigens to T and B cells
        
        cloning process starts when tight match found
  - - - Immediate and local response
        
        Occurs in vascularized tissue
        
        chemicals
        
        Serotonin
        
        Platelets
        
        Similar to histamine
        
        Nitric oxide
        
        Endothelium of blood vessels
        
        Vasodilation; may inhibit mast cells and platelets
        
        Chemotactic factor
        
        Mast cells and basophils
        
        Attracts immune cells
        
        Alpha-1 antitrypsin
        
        Plasma protein formed by liver
        
        inhibits damage to connective tissue
        
        Leukotrienes
        
        Eicosanoids
        
        Similar to histamine
        
        C- reactive protien
        
        Liver
        
        Activates complement
        
        Kinins
        
        Plasma protein produced in liver
        
        Vasodilation and increased permeability of capilaries
        
        IL-1 and TNF- alpha
        
        Dendritic cells, macrophages
        
        increase CAMs to casue margination
        
        Histamine
        
        Mast cells, basophils, platelets
        
        Vasodilation
    - - Skin
      - Mucus membranes
    - - Fever
      - NK cells
      - Phagocytes
      - Antimicrobial proteins
      - inflamation