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Hematological Disorders (Anemias (Symptoms (Pallor, Fatigue, Tachycardia,…
Hematological Disorders
Blood Component Therapy
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Temporarily supports, not a cure
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Hemochromatosis
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Autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased intestinal iron absorption resulting in increased tissue iron deposits
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Thrombocytopenia
Reduction in platelets below 150,000
Can be inherited (splenomegaly, marrow suppression, bone marrow failure)
Risk of heparin use
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Symptoms (bleeding, internal, hemorrhage)
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Ingesting foods (Ginger, cloves, quinine, garlic, feverfew)
Drugs (NSAIDS, Aspirin, Acetaminophen, diuretics)
Leukemia
Group of malignant disorders affecting the blood and tissues of bone marrow, lymph, and spleen
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Classified by acute vs chronic, and WBC involved
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Manifestations
Related to anemia, thrombocytopenia and immunosupression
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Lymphomas
Hodgkins
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Interacting factors: Epstein-Barr, genetic disposition, exposure to occupational toxins
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Staging
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Stage IV: Involvement outside of diaphragm (ie: liver, bone marrow)
Cancer Treatment
Chemotherapy
System effects: bone marrow suppression, fatigue, n/v, diarrhea, mucositis, anorexia, alopecia, infertility)
Radiation
Fatigue, mucositis, skin reactions(redness, skin breakdown, dryness, decreased sensation)
Polycythemia
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Manifestations
Generalized pruritis, paresthesia, redness of hands/feet, burning
Headache, vertigo, dizziness, tinnitus, visual disturbances
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Anemias
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Risk factors
Diet lacking iron, folate, Vit.B12
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Medication history (salicylates, thiazides, diuretics)
Exposure to toxic agents (lead, chemotherapeutics, insecticides)
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Assessment
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Identify source of blood loss (stool testing, endoscopy, colonoscopy)
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Aplastic Anemia
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Pantocytopenia (Decreased RBC, WBC. platelets)
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