Testicular Physiology and Anatomy overview
Scrotum
It contains the testis (site of sperm production) the epidydmis and the spermatic cord
The dartos muscle is found directly underneath the skin and is necessary for temperature control. It does this through wrinkling of the skin. It allows heat loss from the skin
This is a fibromuscular cutaneous sac located between the penis and anus
Blood supply to it comes from the posterior scrotal arteries and veins and branches of the pudendal artery and vein.
The nervous supply to the scrotum is the scrotum is the genito femoral nerve, anterior scrotal and posterior scrotal nerve.
Lymphatics: are the superficial inguinal nodes
Why would the scrotum enlarge? Because of an inguinal hernia, hydrocele, varicocele or hematocele
Testes
Made up of seminiferous tubules
Spermatozoa --> rete testes --> efferent tubules --> epididymis (storage of sperm makes them mobile)
Found in the scrotum
WITHIN the testis is the tunica albumins and surrounding the testis is the tunica vaginalis
Main function is the production of sperm
Epididymis
Located at the posterior lateral surface of the testis
Artery supply is the testicular arteries and the testicular plexus if nerved
Has a head body and tail
Pampiniform plexus of veins also supplies it
Penis
The male urethra runs through the corpus spongiosum. Compared to the corpus caveronosa you get filling to a reduced pressure to prevent occlusion of the urethra in an erection
Penis requires a rich blood supply. You have 3 blood supplies. The deep artery of the penis, the superficial artery of the penis and the bulbourethral artery (branch of the internal iliac artery) of the penis
The crura are made up of corpus cavernosa and the bulb is made from corpus spongiosum
Innervation is by S2-S4 and is is via parasympathetic innervation. Diseases of erections are dysfunction and priapism
Anatomical arrangement of the parts of the penis are crura, bulb and cura
An erection is maintained by the two muscles bulbospongiosis and ischiocavernosus