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3# Bimester Science class (cell parts # (Only in plant cells # (Cell Wall…
3# Bimester Science class
Compound like microscope
7 rules
When carrying the microscope use both hands.
when putting slide on stage put the objective on lowest power and stage on lowest position.
when cleaning the objectives use lens paper.
never drag microscope on table.
turn off microscope when not in use.
only use corse focus with low power objective.
when unplugging the microscope pull cable by handle.
Parts of the microscope
Ocular Lens
Arm
Coarse focus
Fine focus
Nose Peice
Objective Lens
Slide Holder
Stage
Iris Diaphram
Light Sourse
Base
On/Off Switch
https://www.microscopemaster.com/parts-of-a-compound-microscope.html
Vocabulary
Magnification
Making something appear larger that its actual size by changing the objects
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Resolution
The ability to distinguish between two points by adjusting the stage , light and dye
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Living and Non living things
Living things
Classifications
Kingdom Plantae
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Kingdom Animalia
KIngdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Kinngdom Eubacteria
Kingdom Archaebacteria
Cells
Eukaryotes
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Complex cells with nucleus and organelles
Ameba and parmedium are the only single cell organisms
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Prokatiots
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Simple cells without nucleus or organelles
Animal Cell
Make up animals and human beings
Structure is made out of skeleton
Plant cells
Make up plants
Structure made out of cells
Non living things
Virus
cell parts
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ribosome
: makes protein
smooth ER
: regulates and releases calcium ions and processes toxins.
lysosome
: organelles that contain digestive enzymes
rough ER
: series of connected flattened sacs
nucleolus
: makes ribosomal subunits from proteins and ribosomal.
cytosol
: fluid in which organelles f the cell reside
nucleus
: contains the majority of the cells genetics.
mitochondria
: transforms food into energy
cell membrane
: protects the cell from its surroundings.
golgi apparatus
: manufactures, stores, and ships certain cellular products.
cytoskeleton
: provides an important structural framework for cell shape
Only in plant cells
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Cell Wall
: maintains the shape of the cell and serves as a protective barrier
Chloroplast
: Is charger of photosintesis
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Central Vacuole
: Holds materials and wastes
Osmosis
Vocabulary
Osmosis
Diffusion of water
diffuision
Movement of molecules
HYpotonic
relative lower concentration of solute
hypertonic
Relative higher consentration of solute
Isotonic
Egual concetration
Solvent
Liguid in which the solute is disolved
Solute
Solid that is disolve in solvent
Resolution
The ability to distinguish between two points by adjusting the stage , light and dye
Cell vs Virus
Cell
skin is the first line of defense
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combats viruses to keep us safe
Endosome digests the virus, and destroys them, because the antibodies prevents them from breaking intocable viral proteins
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Antibodies stick to them to prevent them from entering
Protiosomes break the virus apart in the cytoskeleton
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White blood cells and antibodies are the second line of defense
Cell copies the viral DNA
The cell alerts the white blood cells by sending a price of viral DNA
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White blood cells sacrifice themselves to save the cell (apoptosis)
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Virus
MIssion is to get to the nucleus and reproduce
Enter body throught body holes
Antiibodies attaches to them
Evolutionate to make a key to enter the cell
Break up into viral proteins in the endosome
Get in the cytoskeleton and gets carried by motor proteins
Reach the nucleus
Its broken apart by the cell arms and motor proteins
Viral proteins hijacked the DNA
Viral DNA goes to ribosome to make viral proteins
More viruses are created
Take over the cell after 24 hours
Virus destroys the nuclear membrane and the cytoskeleton
Destroy the cell after 48 hours
They are destroyed by white blood cells and antibodies
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
: The process of making energy with H2O, CO2, and sunlight
Stomata
: Tiny holes on the leafs for gas exchange
Transevaporation
: The momevent or evaporation of H2O 5rought a plant
Oxygen
: gas we breath in and plants breath out
Carbon
: an atom which is the base of life for every living thing
Glucose
: A type of carbohydrate that the plants make due to photosynthesis
Cellulose
: type of carbohydrare your body can’t break down (fiber)
Starch
: A large molecule that stores energy for the plant
Carbon Dioxide (CO2
): Green house gas that we’d breath out and plants breath in