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Organic Chemistry (Naming and Formulas ((Homologous Series Prefix /…
Organic Chemistry
Naming and Formulas
Homologous series-substances that have the same functional group and each successive members differ by a CH2 unit. All compounds in the same homologous series have the same general formula.
Types of formula
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Skeletal formula- briefest way of representing organic molecules. Where lines represent alkyl groups and every corner a carbon
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Isomerism
Structural isomerism
Chain isomerism- compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures of the carbon skeleton
Positional isomerism- compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures due to different positions of the sam functional group on the same carbon skeleton
Functional group isomerism-compounds with the same molecular formula but with atoms arranged to give different functional groups
Stereoisomerism-are compounds which have the same molecular and structural formula but their atoms are arranged differently in space
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Bond Fission
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Heterolytic fission- when a covalent bond breaks and both of the electrons go to one of the boned atoms resulting in one positive ion and negative ion
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