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Guidelines for Pediatric Physical Assessment (6.) Involve child in…
Guidelines for Pediatric Physical Assessment
1.) Perform examination in a nonthreatening area:
Have room well lit and decorated with neutral colors.
Have some toys, dolls, stuffed animals, and games available for child.
Place strange and frightening equipment out of sight.
Provide privacy.
Have room temperature comfortably warm.
2.) Look for behaviors that signal child's readiness to cooperate:
Accepting offered equipment.
Allowing physical touching.
Making eye contact.
Choosing to sit on examining table rather than parent's lap.
Talking to nurse.
3.) If you don't see any signs of readiness, use these techniques:
Make complimentary remarks.
Tell a funny story or play a simple magic trick.
Talk to patient, focus on their favorite object.
Have a nonthreatening "friend" available such as a puppet to "talk" to the child.
4.) If child refuses to cooperate use these techniques:
Avoid prolonged explanations about examining procedures.
Perform examination as quickly as possible.
Try to involve child and parent in process.
Have attendant gently retrain child.
Assess reason for uncooperative behavior.
Minimize any disruptions or syimulations
5.) Begin examination is a nonthreatening manner:
Use "paper doll" technique.
Use approaches such as "simon says".
6.) Involve child in examination process:
Examine child in a comfortable and secure position: sitting in parent's lap, sitting upright if in respiratory distress.
Proceed to examine the body in an organized sequence; examine painful areas last; in emergency situation, examine vital functions and injured area first.
Explain each step of the procedure in a simple manner.
Reassure child throughout examination.
Encourage child to use equipment on doll, family member, or examiner.
Discuss findings with family at end of examination.
Allow child to handle or hold equipment.
Praise child for cooperation during examination; give small rewards.
Provide choices such as bed or chair.