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PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY (problems with freud's theory (BUUP)…
PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY
problems with freud's theory
(BUUP)
unfalsifiability
: claims are hard to test
unrepresentative sampling
: described all of humanity based on people with psychological problems
biased observations
: freud had incentive to see this patients as unwell before his treatment
post-facto explanations:
hindsight bias, rather than predicting behavior
freud's psychosexual stages
id
: focuses on seeking and obtaining pleasure
satisfy needs socially acceptably
stages
oral
: mouth/sucking
anal
: bowels/control
phallic
: genitals/incestuous thoughts
latency
: dormant sexual feelings
genital
: maturation of sexual interests
freud's theory + personality structure
mind is like an iceberg
thoughts, wishes, feelings, memories, hidden from awareness
revealed through symbolic meaning in free association, projective tests, dreams, etc
structure
ego
: rational
id
: biological desires
superego
: reality constraints + social demands
defense mechanisms against anxiety
(123)
used by the ego, we repress anxiety when we are anxious about "unacceptable" desires
examples
regression
: retreating to a lower, fixated psychosexual stage
rationalization
: justifying or minimizing impulse
displacement
: redirecting emotional response
reaction formation
: acting opposite of impulse
projection
: attributing the impulse to others
denial
: refusal to think about it