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Hallmarks of cancer (In cell culture (fail to exhibit contact inhibition…
Hallmarks of cancer
In cell culture
fail to exhibit contact inhibition
grow as piles
grow even though low serum
round morphology
able to grow without attaching to a substrate
Evasion of GF signals
CC don't respond to GF's
mutations or gene silencing via methylation interfere with inhibitory pathways
Avoiding immune destruction
immune system can recognize and eliminate CC
non.immunogenic cancers are most successfull
reprogramming energy metabolism
CC carry out glycolysis even when O2 is present
competition of nutrients and O2 with healthy tissues
growth signal autonomy
CC are not dependent on normal GF signalling
mutations in GF pathways leads to unregulated growth
unlimited replication potential
CC don't end up being senescent
telomeres don't shorten via altered telomere maintenance
tumor-promoting inflammation
all tumors have inflammatory immune cells
inflammation is a immune response facilitating
GF providing
enzymes promoting angiogenesis
invasion promoters
release of oxygen agents
mutagenic
invasion and metastasis
mobility of CC is the vital characteristic for them
metastasis is the death-causing element
angiogenesis
CC induce angiogenesis
angiogenic switch
Genome instability and mutations
insufficient DNA repair
leads to genomic instability
apoptotic signals are evaded