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Review on how the amount of prenatal alcohol exposure effects the degree…
Review on how the amount of prenatal alcohol exposure effects the degree of philtrum deformity
Message: Don't drink or your child will have a facial deformity. As the amount of prenatal alcohol exposure increases the degree of philtre deformity increases
Philtrum
Embryology
first pharygeal arch (mandibular arch and maxillary process)
the nerve supply of the first pharyngeal nerve is the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
the arterial supply is the aortic artery (embryological)
merkel cartillage
gives rise to bones int he face including the incus and malleus
the pharyngeal arched are full of mesenchyme cells which develop into different structures int he face
face
maxillary prominence (orange)
stomodeum (gap that forms the mouth)
frontalnasal prominence
mandibular prominence (forms the lower lip)
formed from the first two pharyngeal arches (maxillary prominence and mandibular prominence)
nasal placodes (4th week)
nasal pits (5th week)
medial nasal prominence
lateral nasal prominence
upper lip
this is formed from the two medial nasal prominences and the two maxillary prominences
not formed from the lateral nasal promince
nose
formed from five facial prominences: frontalnasal prominence, fusion of the two medial nasal prominences, two lateral nasal prominences,
the philtrum is developed from the first pharyngeal arch
the two medial nasal provinces fuse to form the intermaxillary prominence
the philtrum is part of the intermaxillary segment
philtrum deformity
signalling involved in its development
