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Unit 3 vocab (The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is.…
Unit 3 vocab
The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral.
Weathering: wear away or change the appearance or texture of by long exposure to the air.
Erosion: the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
Sand: a loose granular substance, typically pale yellowish brown, resulting from the erosion of siliceous and other rocks and forming a major constituent of beaches, riverbeds, the seabed, and deserts.
Silt: fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment, especially in a channel or harbor.)
Clay: a stiff, sticky fine-grained earth, typically yellow, red, or bluish-gray in color and often forming an impermeable layer in the soil. It can be molded when wet, and is dried and baked to make bricks, pottery, and ceramics.
Groundwater: water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock
Zone of saturation: The phreatic zone, or zone of saturation, is the area in an aquifer, below the water table, in which relatively all pores and fractures are saturated with water.
Surface water: water that collects on the surface of the ground.
Infiltration: permeation of a liquid into something by filtration.
Aquifers: a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.
Watersheds: an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.
Flooding: cover or submerge a place or area with water.
Geohazards: Geohazards are geological and environmental conditions and involve long-term or short-term geological processes.
Landslides: the sliding down of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff.
Tsumanis: a long high sea wave caused by an earthquake, submarine landslide, or other disturbance.
Sinkholes: a cavity in the ground, especially in limestone bedrock, caused by water erosion and providing a route for surface water to disappear underground.
Porosoity: Porosity is the quality of being porous, or full of tiny holes. Liquids go right through things that have porosity.
Physical weathering is a term used in science that refers to the geological process of rocks breaking apart without changing their chemical composition.
Frost wedging is caused by the repeated freeze-thaw cycle of water in extreme climates
Chemical weathering:
the erosion or disintegration of rocks, building materials, etc., caused by chemical reactions chiefly with water and substances dissolved in it rather than by mechanical processes.
Acid precipitation Any form of precipitation, including rain, snow, hail, fog, or dew, that is high in acid pollutants, especially sulfuric and nitric acid
Soil: the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.
Zone of aeration: The zone of aeration is the region between the earth's surface and the water table. The main components of this region are the soil and rocks.
Pollution: the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects.
