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Growth and Division of the Cell (Division Phase of the Cell Cycle (Mitosis…
Growth and Division of the Cell
Concepts
Life Cycle
Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle Arrest
Cells stop dividing
Some cells
Never stop dividing
Live long
Growth Phase of the Cell Cycle
G1 Phase
After Division
Longest part of Cell cycle
Length Varies
S Phase
Nucleus genes replicate
Genome
Entire complex of genes
Chromosomes
Genes attached
Centromere
Near Center
Telomere
End cap
Chromatid
Half of Chromosome
Endoreduplication
80% Maturing cells
Gene Amplification
Some genes
Repeatedly Replication
G2 Phase
Spindle Microtubules
3-5 hours
Division Phase of the Cell Cycle
Mitosis
Duplication Division
Karyokinesis
Prophase
Chromosomes Condense
Change in histones
Daughter cells
Move to poles
Attached to spindles
Kinetochore
Point of attachment
Metaphase
Metaphase plate
Chromoses in cell center
Chromosomes become visible
Chromosomes double
Anaphase
Move chromosomes
Telophase
Less distinct chromosome
New Nucleoli appear
Cytokenesis
Preprophse band
Plane of divisoin
Phragmoplast
Short microtubules
Cell plate
Phragmoplast
Vesicle
Walls
Phragmosome
Microtubules
Actin filaments
Cytoplasm
Meiosis
Sex Cells
Gametes
Fuse together
Form Zygotes
Tetraploid
Reduction division
Meiosis 2
2 chromosomes seperated
4 haploid cells
Meiosis 1
Prophase 1
Zytotene
Pachytene
Crossing-over
Leptotene
Diplotene
Chismata
Tetrads
Diakinesis
Metaphase 1
Tetrads to center
Anaphase 1
Two nuclei formed
chromosome pulled away
Telophase 1
Interkinesis
No DNA replication
no S phase
Less Common Types of Division In Plants
Coenocyte
Large cell
Many nuclei
No nuclear division
Cell Division in Algae
Nuclei
Change through evolution
Gaps in envelope
No histones
Cytokenesis
Phycoplast
Group of microtubules
Phragmoplast
Cell Division of Prokatyotes
No mitosis or meiosis
Infurrowing
Rounds of replication
Division of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
Division of organelles
Metabolic stimulus
Replication of nuclear DNA
Increase gradually