Chapter 5: Tissues and the Primary Growth of Stems
Basic Types of Cells and Tissues
Internal Organization of Stems: Arrangement of Primary Tissues
External Organization of Stems
Stem Growth and Differentiation
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Epidermis
Cortex
Vascular Tissues
Xylem
Phloem
Vascular Bundles
Soft leaves, petals, fruits, and seeds
Chlorenchyma
Glandular
Transfer
phloem
Primary walls
Thin/thick primary walls
plasticity
Primary walls
Thick secondary wall
Nodes
Internodes
Leaf axil
axillary bud
phyllotaxy
Arrangement of leaves
parenchyma cells
Cutin
Cuticle
trichomes
homogeneous
photosynthetic parenchyma
Thin sheets
Conducting cells
tracheids
vessel elements
annular thickenings
helical thickening
Scalariform thickening
reticulate thickening
circular bordered pits
pit membrane
Vessel
Vessel elements
sieve cells
Sieve tube members
sieve pores
sieve areas
sieve tube
sieve plates
nuclei degenerate
albuminous cells
companion cells
Pith
primary xylem
primary phloem
subapical meristem
protoxylem
metaxylem
protophloem
metaphloem
Protoderm
provascular tissues
ground meristem