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Chapter 5: Tissues and the Primary Growth of Stems (Stem Growth and…
Chapter 5: Tissues and the Primary Growth of Stems
Basic Types of Cells and Tissues
Parenchyma
Soft leaves, petals, fruits, and seeds
Chlorenchyma
Glandular
Transfer
phloem
Primary walls
Collenchyma
Thin/thick primary walls
plasticity
Sclerenchyma
Primary walls
Thick secondary wall
Internal Organization of Stems: Arrangement of Primary Tissues
Epidermis
parenchyma cells
Cutin
Cuticle
trichomes
Cortex
homogeneous
photosynthetic parenchyma
Vascular Tissues
Thin sheets
Xylem
Conducting cells
tracheids
vessel elements
annular thickenings
helical thickening
Scalariform thickening
reticulate thickening
circular bordered pits
pit membrane
Vessel
Vessel elements
Phloem
sieve cells
Sieve tube members
sieve pores
sieve areas
sieve tube
sieve plates
nuclei degenerate
albuminous cells
companion cells
Vascular Bundles
Pith
primary xylem
primary phloem
External Organization of Stems
Nodes
Internodes
Leaf axil
axillary bud
phyllotaxy
Arrangement of leaves
Stem Growth and Differentiation
subapical meristem
protoxylem
metaxylem
protophloem
metaphloem
Protoderm
provascular tissues
ground meristem
