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Water Needs (In the Countries (Germany (129l/day), Europe (235l/day),…
Water Needs
In the Countries
Germany (129l/day)
Europe (235l/day)
North America (339l/day)
Australia (334l/day)
Asia (112l/day)
South America (109l/day)
Africa (52l/day)
In the Cities
5-10% public use
10-20% commercial use
30-50% domestic use
25-35% industrial use
8-24% water are lost
Methods to measure
Geometrical
Make assumption with additional proportional population with additional population today
Short-term only
Decreasing rate of increase method
Arithmetical
Population increase based on the previous data
Average of population are added to the amount of last population
Population growth are constant
For 1 - 5 year use
Least square
Domestic use
Population Projection
City facilities growth projection
Industrial growth projection
In Indonesia
Direct Connection
Big cities with 500k - 1 mil people (120 - 150l/o/h)
Big cities with 100 - 500 thousand people (100 - 150l/o/h)
Metropolitan with 1-2 mil people (150 - 210l/o/h)
Medium cities with 20 - 100 thousand people (90 - 100l/o/h)
Metropolitan with more than 2 mil people (>210l/o/h)
Small cities with 3 - 20 thousand people (60 - 100l/o/h)
Hydrant