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Motion and Graphs of Motion (Properties of Motion (There are two types of…
Motion and Graphs of Motion
Properties of Motion
There are two types of quantities used in physics, Scalar quantities which only have a magnitude value and Vector quantities which have both a magnitude value but also a directional value. SCALAR (speed, time, mass) VECTOR (force, momentum, velocity)
Displacement vs Distance, distance and displacement are closely linked but often confused these quantities are separated as distance is a scalar quantity and Displacement is a Vector Quantity. Distance is the path of motion taken by a particle/object through space, displacement is the minimum change in position within that space. An example of this is a runner running around a 400m track, if she makes one full lap her distance travelled is 400m but her displacement is 0m as she has not changed position relative to her starting position. Distance, D Displacement, S
Speed VS Velocity, Speed is the rate at which a projectile covers a
distance
in any given time. Velocity is the rate at which a projectile covers a
displacement
in any given time. Speed, s Velocity V
Acceleration, is the chance in velocity of a particular object or projectile in any given time (A)
Motion-time Graphs
Displacement-time Graphs, the gradient of these graphs is equal to the velocity at that point.
Velocity-time Graphs, the gradient of this graph is equal to the acceleration of the object and the area under the graph is equal to the displacement of the object
Acceleration-time Graphs, the area under this graph is equal to the velocity at any given point or interval
The Equations of Motion
Using the acceleration formula we can rearrange it to calculate V
Looking at the area underneath a velocity time graph, with an initial velocity we can calculate the total distance travelled
Combining equations 1 & 2 we get the final equation of motion
V=S/t
D=st
A=(v-u)/t
V=u+at
s=ut+(at^2)/2
V^2=U^2 + 2as