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types of editing mistakes (prepositions (phrasal verbs (e.g. known as-to,…
types of editing mistakes
prepositions
phrasal verbs
e.g. known as-to
e.g. survive/live/feed on-in
e.g. get help for-from all of us
e.g. go through-over
e.g. be beneficial for-to/in
go down-off the drain (disapear forever)
he blossomed into-by an excellent youth
in + place
depart/leave from-for somewhere
ward off-away
passive verbs
use "by" instead of other words to suggest the subject
use "with" instead of "by" to suggest the way
by, through, with
by
suggests the subject
time
in + month, year
on + day/date
during + a period of time( same as "from...to...")
during + an activity last for a period of time: during the morning traffic jam; during the training session.
for + period
at + point of time
position
in
most general: city, country, neighborhood e.g. chinatown (a 2D shape or 3D space)
on
more specific: streets, islands, large vehicles (a 1D line)
at
most specific: exact addresses or intersections e.g. at 330 Independence Avenue; at the corner(a 0D point)
at home
refer to the context
off/by the coast
time:before, during, after
position:into, from
verb
different tense of verb
be careful about the general tense of the whole paragraph
:!!:
base form after modal verbs
e.g.can, may, must,shall,will
completed past tense-past participle
base form behind "to"
(usually, when it indicates purpose)
exception: look forward to doing, from doing sth. to doing sth.
base form as second verb in sentence(非谓语动词）
-ing as noun
memorise confusing past tense
personal pronoun
look at the
whole sentence
to clarify the subject
Although the nuts have a high fat content, most of
it
is healthy fat {"it" refers to the fat, not the nuts)
e.g. his-her itself-themselves
refer to the form of verbs behind
it-its
expression
certain expression
e.g. between...and...
from...to...
not only...but also...
away from
phrases
take part in :check: take part into :red_cross:
l
articles
the
pre-known nouns: the morning traffic jam, one of the
the ... of(known to have) :the taste of, the smell of, the capital of
superlatives: the most ordinary one
a
not pre-known nouns
a sense of, an air of, a feeling of
noun
singular
when the noun is uncountable
when the noun is used to describe another noun(usually) e.g.body temprature
#
use "much""less" for uncountable noune
plural
refering to the context, when there's more than one
e.g.
one by one
suggests that it should be plural
e.g. one of the ....
when there is accumulating noun in front: a pile of
worksheets
coincide of nouns linked by "and" (not valid all the time, depends on context)
compared adj.
base form: when there's no compare
comparatives: when there's two things comparing
usually have the things compared in the sentence: writing letter is better than sending email
superlative
when there's three or more things comparing
usually behind "the",
not always
(e.g. the better in the two)
when there's no specific noun in the sentence being compared
change between verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs
verbs
as the body of a sentence, usually between nouns
:warning: analyse the sentence structure carefully
:warning: take note of the difference
read out the text, decide
what they should be
noun
as subject/object
:warning: after "the" "a"
:warning: after verb or before passive
:warning: at the beginning of the sentence
:star: end with -tion, -ing,
-al
, -or/er/ian,
adj&adv
+ing or +ed at the beginning of subordinate clause, describing the subject
dependent clause: must be the -ed/-ing form of verb//adj.
linker
subordinate clause
where/at which-place + completed sentence
when-time(age, year, the time that sth happened)+ a completed sentence
which, that + verb/be/passive
who
who + do/be sth
whom + sb. + verb
whose + noun do/be sth
whereby(explain process) + a completed sentence
coincident of nouns linked
e.g. plural noun and plural noun
proper linkers
e.g. and(both have)-or(either/both do not have )
addition/contraction
addition
furthermore
moreover
and
contraction
however
nevertheless
instead of
but
yet(contract with sentence before)
although/though(contract with sentence after)
cause and effects
because of
#
as
since
:star:
look at the mean message of both parts.
if they are the same must be addition, otherwise it's contrast
regarding to context
quality: large, small, many, few