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Shoulder Complex (Acromioclavicular (AC) (Nerve Supply of AC Joint…
Shoulder Complex
Definition: A network of four joints: Sternoclavicular, scapulothoracic, acromioclavicular, and glenohumeral joints. These networks will work together as a single functional unit. These will rely on muscles to provide dynamic stability.
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Scapulothoracic (ST)
The ST joint is not a true synovial joint. Rather, the Scapulothoracic articulation is formed by the convex surface of the posterior thoracic rib cage and the concave surface of the anterior scapula
The gliding surfaces of this joint (ST) are formed by the subscapularis and the serratus anterior muscles
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The SC and AC joints are independent with the ST joint because the scapula is attached by its acromion process to the lateral end of the clavicle and through the AC joint; the clavicle, in turn, is attached to the axial skeleton at the manubrium of the sternum through the SC joint.
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Any movement of the scapula on the thorax must result in movement in either the AC joint, the SC joint, or both; that is, the functional ST joint is part of a true closed chain with the AC and SC joints, and the thorax
Acromioclavicular (AC)
AC Joint Seperation
Type II: Tearing of the joint capsule and ligament, slight elevation of the lateral end of the clavicle
Type III: Tearing of the AC joint capsule and ligament along with coraclavicular ligament. marked elevation of lateral end of clavicle
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Movements of the AC joint:
- Clavicular elevation and depression.
- Clavicular translation (anterior/posterior)
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AC Articular Disk: Attaches between the acromial end of the clavicle and the medial border of the acromion.
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Sternoclavicular (SC)
Synovial Joint, Diarthrosis, Saddle Joint
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Glenohumeral (GH)
The shoulder joint is a ball and socket joint between the scapula and the humerus. The joint connects the upper extremity to the trunk
Diarthrosis/Multiaxial Joint
Synovial Joint
Ball and Socket Joint
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GH LIGAMENTS these reinforce the anterior part of the joint capsule. These ligaments radiate laterally and inferiorly from the glenoid labrum at he supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and blend distally with the fibrous layer of the capsule as it attaches to the anatomical neck of the humerus.
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Coracohumeral L.
strong broad band that passes from the base of the coracoid process to the anterior aspect of the greater tubercle of the humerus.
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Transvere Humeral L.
Broad fibrous band that runs more or less obliquely from the greater to the lesser tubercle of the humerus.
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