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Respiratory system (Lower Respiratory Tract (Bronchial Tree (Bronchial…
Respiratory system
Lower Respiratory Tract
Trachea
The trachea is an extension of the larynx which connects it with the bronchi. This organ is made out of elastic membranes allowing it to expand when the air is going through and contracting when air needs to pass. Thanks to this we can inhale and exhale.
Lungs
They are the ones that extract oxygen from our environment. They don't have a "muscle" in charge of their own movement, therefore they rely on the diaphragm to move and let the air in. When the lungs are compressed, they release CO2.
Epiglottis
The epiglottis is the guardian of the larynx, as it prevents food and liquid to enter the trachea (basically, to prevent things to go into the respiratory system rather than the digestive one)
Diaphragm
The diaphragm is the one that separates the thoracic cavity with the abdominal one, and it's the main muscle of respiration. Its contraction is the one that expands the lungs and lets the air go in, and if it. starts to have some malfunctions, it might lead us to respiratory complications.
Alveoli
The alveoli are microscopic air sacs inside our lungs. Their function is to exchange the gases of the air to our bloodstream, by being filled with air and therefore, CO2 and oxygen, which is diffused and the carbon dioxide diffuses from the capillaries, and is expelled through exhalation
Bronchial Tree
Bronchial
The bronchi divides into smaller pieces creating the bronchial tree, which consists in moving the air trough the lungs.
Bronchiole
This is the part where the gases are being exchanged. There are more than 1000 of bronchioles terminals that helps in the exchange od the gases
Bronchi
The bronchi are divided into left and right parts, they are the ones that enters into the lungs where there are nerves and blood vessels.
Upper Respiratory Tract
Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Tract that serves as a funnel for the air to the larynx, inhaled air descends and is diverted into the opening of the larynx by the epiglottis to prevent choking.
Larynx
Short section of the airway that connects the pharynx and the trachea, contains the vocal cords that let us speak and sing.
Mouth
Secondary external opening that serves as supplement or replace the nasal cavity's functions when needed. It doesn't warm and moisturize the air that is breathed. The mouth also lacks of ways to filter air unlike the nose. However it allows more air to enter the body quikly.
Nasal Cavity
Nose
The main external opening that receives and expels the air for breathing. Hairs and mucus lining filter the air and prevents environmental contaminants from entering the body.
Nostrils
First section of the body’s airway, it is located in the eternal part of the nose which is a cartilaginous part made by alae.
Sinuses
These cavities in the bones of the skull are in charge of making the air warmer and humidifying the air that we breathy entering through the nasal cavities
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