Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
:leaves::deciduous_tree: Unit 4 Cells to Organisms :fallen_leaf::monkey:
:leaves::deciduous_tree: Unit 4 Cells to Organisms :fallen_leaf::monkey:
Parts of a Plant Cell
Cell Wall
Call Membrane
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Cytosolic Ribosomes
Vacuole
Peroxisomes
Amyloplasts
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Lysosomes
Parts of a Animal Cell
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Centrosome
Cytoskeleton
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cytosolic Ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Vacuole
Mitochondria
Peroxisomes
Lysosomes
Photosynthesis Gizmo Lab Follow up questions and answers.
Which Gas is being Produced by a plant?
Oxygen is being produced by a plant
Why is oxygen production a good measure of the rate of photosynthesis?
Oxygen Production is a measure of Photosynthesis because the more oxygen produced, the better the conditions for the plant are and vice versa.
In the default settings of the Gizmo, why doesn’t oxygen production continue to rise as CO2 level increases? (The same applies to light intensity.)
This happens because when there is more CO2, the more the plant can produce O2.
With white light, what settings lead to the maximum oxygen production?
The best settings would be 260 ppm, and 40% light intensity.
Why does photosynthesis occur most slowly under green light?
The plants reflects the green light, but absorbs the other lights
Meiosis Vs. Mitosis
Meiosis
A type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
Mitosis
A process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in haploid cell
Function of Meiosis
Sexual Reproduction
Function of Mitosis
Cellular Reproduction & general growth and repair of the body.
Type of Reproduction (Meiosis)
Sexual
Type of Reproduction (Mitosis)
Asexual
Meiosis Occurs in
Humans, animals, plants, fungi
Mitosis Occurs in
all organisms
Meiosis is Genetically
Different
Mitosis is Genetically
Identical
Crossing Over (Meiosis)
Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur.
Crossing Over (Mitosis)
No, crossing over can not occur.
Number of Divisions (Meiosis)
2
Number of Divisions (Mitosis)
1
Number of Cells produced in Meiosis
4
Number of Cells produced in Mitosis
2
Chromosome Number (Meiosis)
Reduced by half
Chromosome Number (Mitosis)
Remains the same
Steps of Mitosis
The steps of mitosis are Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis
Meiosis Creates
Sex cells only: Female egg cells or Male sperm cells
Mitosis Creates
Makes everything other than sex cells
Unit 4 all Together
Meiosis
A type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
Mitosis
A process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in haploid cell
Function of Meiosis
Sexual Reproduction
Function of Mitosis
Cellular Reproduction & general growth and repair of the body.
Type of Reproduction (Meiosis)
Sexual
Type of Reproduction (Mitosis)
Asexual
Meiosis Occurs in
Humans, animals, plants, fungi
Mitosis Occurs in
all organisms
Meiosis is Genetically
Different
Mitosis is Genetically
Identical
Crossing Over (Meiosis)
Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur.
Crossing Over (Mitosis)
No, crossing over can not occur.
Number of Divisions (Meiosis)
2
Number of Divisions (Mitosis)
1
Number of Cells produced in Meiosis
4
Number of Cells produced in Mitosis
2
Chromosome Number (Meiosis)
Reduced by half
Chromosome Number (Mitosis)
Remains the same
Steps of Mitosis
The steps of mitosis are Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis
Meiosis Creates
Sex cells only: Female egg cells or Male sperm cells
Mitosis Creates
Makes everything other than sex cells
Vacuoles
Store waste products, nutrients, and water. In plant cells it also store nutrients, and regulates turgor pressure in the cell.
Nucleus
DNA is found in the nucleus, RNA is also made here; surrounded by a membrane; controls all cell activites
Nucleolus
This produces ribosomes; found in the nucleus
Cytoplasm
Part of the cell that is outside the nucleus; contains organelles and provides the perfect environment for chemical reactions to take place
Centriole
Play a role in mitosis (cell division), in animal cells only - Ring of nine groups of fused microtubules. Three microtubules in each group. These are part of the cytoskeleton. Inherited from your father.
Golgi Apparatus/Golgi Bodies
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins
Lysosome
Contains digestive enzymes necessary for breaking down materials within a cell
Chloroplast
Use carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. Found in plant cells and some protists. They reflect green light while absorbing all other colors. *contain DNA
Cell Membrane
Double layer of phospholipids (lipid bilayer) that surrounds the cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
Mitochondria
Provides energy to cell. Have a double membrane. The outside is smooth but the inner is highly folded to increase its surface area. Cellular respiration is performed here, making energy (ATP) for the cell. Has its own DNA and ribosomes.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Assembles membrane lipids and detoxifies the cell of drugs; no ribosomes on this organelle.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Proteins are made on the endoplasmic reticulum's ribosomes. They are collected inside the endoplasmic reticulum and transported throughout the cell. Transports and modifies organelles, highway for cell.
Ribosome
Assembles proteins; free ribosomes make proteins that will stay in the cell. Attached ribosomes (attached to the ER) make proteins that will be transported out of the cell.
Cytoskeleton
Helps maintain cell shape. Its primary importance is in cell motility. It makes the cell move internally and externally.
Made of microfilaments and microtubules. (protein strands)
Cell Wall
Thick outer layer in plant cells. Made of the carbohydrate cellulose. It maintains the shape of these cells and creates a protective barrier. Fluid collects in the plant cell's vacuole and pushes against it, creating turgor pressure. Also found in fungi, algae, and some bacteria.
Chromatin/Chromosomes
plant and animal cell: strands that contain the genetic material that tells the cell how to function.
Vesicles
A small structure made of a lipid bilayer used to transport materials through the cell.
Cilia
Slender cell extension that project outward from the cell - can be used for movement of the cell or to push materials past the cell.
Flagella
Whip-like appendage that extends from the body; used for movement or for sensing the environment
Peroxisomes
Contain an enzyme that allows the breakdown of H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide) which is made by cell reactions and is toxic to the cell
Microtubule
part of the cytoskeleton - made of tubulin-used to move substances around the cell - framework of cell
Which molecules are reactants in photosynthesis?
CO₂ + H₂O
What are the products of photosynthesis?
O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆
Which molecules are reactants in Cellular Respiration?
O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆
What are the products of Cellular Respiration?
CO₂ + H₂O
Glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆
Carbon dioxide
CO₂
Water
H₂O
Oxygen
O₂
I discovered that plants are made of cells.
Schleiden
I saw cells in cork and came up with the word "cells to describe them.
Hooke
I discovered that animals are made of cells
Schwann
I discovered that there are microscopic organisms in pond water.
Leeuwenhoek
I developed the cell theory and came to the conclusion that all cells come from other cells
Virchow
