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Tang (After the fall of the Han dynasty, China had no central government…
Tang
After the fall of the Han dynasty, China had no central government to give civil service examinations.
his group was made up of scholar-officials. Strict rules set the scholar-officials apart from the rest of society. One rule was that the scholar-officials could not perform any job that required physical work. These scholar-officials influenced Chinese thought and government well into modern times.
Confucianism went into decline, and Buddhism won many followers with its message of escape from suffering.
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The exams helped provide China's government with well-educated, talented officials.
Tang and Song rulers worked to return Confucianism to the respected position it had held previously in Chinese society.
he Tang and Song dynasties backed a new understanding of Confucianism called neo-Confucianism (NEE • oh-kuhn • FYOO • shuhn • ih • zuhm).
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Neo-Confucianism taught that people should be concerned about this world as well as the afterlife.
Followers were expected to be active in society and to help others.
Tang and Song rulers saw neo-Confucianism and civil service examinations as a way to strengthen the government.
The examinations tested candidates on their knowledge of Confucian writings. Only men were allowed to take the tests, and the examination system favored the rich. Few poor families could pay tutors to help their sons qualify for the tests.
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At the age of four, boys began learning to write the characters of the Chinese language.
Later, students had to memorize all the writings of Confucius.
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After years of preparing, the boys took the exams.
Despite all the hard work, only one in five boys passed the tests.
Those who did not pass usually found jobs teaching or helping government workers, but they were never given a government job.
ver the years, the examination system created a new class of leaders in China.
Over the years, the examination system created a new class of leaders in China.