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Student Assessments Alex Andrade Cohort 9 (Self-Assessment (Peer…
Student Assessments
Alex Andrade
Cohort 9
Formative
Definition:
This monitors a student's progress in the middle of the learning cycle. It is
for
learning, because it monitors a students' progress as they are being taught.
Purpose:
It lets teacher see which ultra-specific aspects of a unit are giving a student trouble, and this can be used to improve a student's learning.
Pros:
Frequent and properly crafted formative assessment can prevent a student from "slipping through the cracks.
ESL Example
Students describe what happened in a video using passive voice.
Cons:
A student might fail a formative assessment, but future assessments/lessons/activities might inform the past; a student might just need more time to process information.
Self-Assessment
Definition:
Students evaluate their own work. As with peer assessment, if students are to evaluate an assessment independently, it might require mastery of the subject. This lends itself better to
of
learning.
Purpose:
This gives learners a sense of agency and responsibility in their work, as well as showing them their mistakes firsthand.
Pros:
This encourages responsibility and self-reflection in one's studies. These are also lifelong learning and life-skills.
ESL Example
Students grade their own quizzes. They write the correct answers next to the incorrect answers.
Cons:
Without proper instruction or support, students could be lost in terms of sticking to the criteria for self-evaluation. Some students might perceive the instructor as being lazy.
Peer Assessment
Definition:
Students and teachers share the responsibility in evaluating the class's output. If peers are to evaluate an assessment independently, it might require mastery of the subject. This lends itself better to
of
learning.
Purpose:
It invites students to take command of their learning.
Pros:
It encourages communication skills between students, and could also spur healthy competitiveness between them.
ESL Example:
Students can evaluate their peers' contributions to a group project.
Cons:
Students might be reluctant to give negative feedback to their friends. They could also misunderstand the criteria for evaluating a student's work.
Portfolio
Definition:
Assessment that keeps track of a student's work over the course of a unit, and shows their growth and development. It can be presented as a cumulative piece of assessment, so it is
of
learning. However, it can be opened at any time, also making it
for
learning.
Purpose:
This provides an alternative to testing that values process over end results.
Pros:
This gives students immediate evidence of their growth, strengths, and weaknesses. Also, it shows them where they can improve.
ESL Example:
Students can keep a notebook that records all of their worksheets, thoughts, project drafts etc. throughout the course of the year.
Cons:
Because it is collaborative, it requires a lot of planning from teachers. Students with learning difficulties would require considerable differentiated instruction.
Summative
Definition:
Assess a student's learning at the culmination of a unit, semester, etc. By its very nature, it is
of
learning.
Purpose:
Shows how much a student has learned over the course of a stretch of time.
Pros:
Highlights a student's growth and work ethic.
ESL Example:
Student can write a coherent short story using all the vocabulary words from a unit.
Cons:
Students might fail a test on a given day--because they were sick or had an emotionally troubling week--but then pass it on a normal day.
High-Stakes
Definition:
Significant and infrequent assessment that affects a student's long-term future. Its sense of finality means it is
of
learning.
Purpose:
Often the results from these assessments can lead to a change in educational policy: all the way from the local to federal level.Individually, the can also determine what classes s/he can take or universities a student can attend.
Pros:
On a larger scale, this gives administrators insight into the general categories students need help with.
ESL Example:
A student takes TOEIC in order to attend university abroad.
Cons:
Test anxiety or an issue at home could result in a poor grade. This grade could have a tremendous impact on the student's academic future.
Diagnostic
Definition:
assessment given at the beginning of a course /unit that determines what students already know about a topic. No prior instruction precedes these assessments, so they are
for
learning by their very nature.
Purpose:
This provides data that a teacher can use to shape his/her instruction to best fit the students' needs.
ESL Example:
I give students a "getting to know you" survey on our first day together, and I tell them to fill it out to the best of their ability. The quality of their answers indicates their readiness level heading into the school year. I explicitly state that this is not graded.
Cons:
A student might forget a lot during an extended break, so s/he might do poorly on a diagnostic assessment. However, with some review, it could all come rushing back.
Pros:
By the end of one lesson, a teacher can learn a great deal about a room full of strangers.
Authentic
Definition:
Students use what they learned to carry out a real-world assignment. It requires mastery, so it could only be completed towards the end of a unit. It is a
of
learning.
Purpose:
It provides a meaningful and impactful way for students to apply their newly acquired knowledge.
Pros:
Students will use various 21st century skills, and they will likely be more motivated to do well.
ESL Example:
Students tutor other, lower-level, students in how to use specific English phrases.
Cons:
It requires a lot of planning from the teacher. More complicated designs would require administrative support.
Performance-Based
Definition:
Students apply their newly acquired knowledge in a way that incorporates their critical thinking skills. The assessments often mirror real-life scenarios. This tests skills a student has gained over the course of a unit, making it
of
learning.
Purpose:
This tests how well a student can apply the sum of his/her knowledge outside of a traditional test format.
Pros:
These are more likely to keep a student engaged, because the assessment tends to be more meaningful and based in real-world situations.
ESL Example:
Students design an travel-itinerary brochure for a visitor to their home-country.
Cons:
These can be time-consuming for the teacher to design and grade.