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Sexual Reproduction (1.Pollination ((Copious flowers, Sweet nectar, Petals…
Sexual Reproduction
1.Pollination
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feathery stigma, acts as a net collecting pollen
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4.Seed structure
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process, controlled by enzymes, in which the seed begins to develop into a new young plant. For successful germination:
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3.Seed adaptations
so seeds are carried to long distance away from parent, reduce competition between same species.
Wind dispersal
'Winged' fruits
Wing like out growths from ovary walls, or leaf like structures, causing the fruit to spin as it falls from the ground. delay in fall lets the wind carry seed further.
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"explosive' fruits
The pods dry in the sun creates tension in the tough fibres. the fruit pod splits in half exposing the seeds.eg: pea family, lupin
Animal dispersal
Birds, mammas and succulent fruits
black berry, cranberry, are eaten by birds and the pips are not digested when they pass out their droppings.
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5.Germination
Temperature
there is variation in the range of temperatures at which different plant species germinate. it occurs rapidly between 40C-45C. above the enzymes gets denatured and seedling killed
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Oxygen
early stages of germination is anerobic, once water enters and splits the testa allowing oxygen in. the oxygen is used for aerobic respiration to start chemical changes for cell growth.
Dormancy
some seeds do not germinate utill the next season after falling from trees. there is internal control which prevents instant germination wven if conditions are ripe. seeds are said to be Dormant. it delays the period of germination so deedlings are not exposed to adverse environments.(before spring or summer)
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