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CNS intro (Ventral surface (Olfactory bulbs, receive input from olfactory…
CNS intro
Ventral surface
Olfactory bulbs, receive input from olfactory nerves (Cranial nerve 1)
Peduncle - Stalk (really thick bundle of axon), is one just behind olfactory bulb
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Pons - Ridge like striated structure (bridge between 2 parts of cerebellum, allows communication)
Medulla oblongate - Behind pons, (majority of cranial nerves come from medulla (only 2 that dont are olfactory I and optic II)
Trapezoid body - Elevated protrusion, nuclei related to hearing
Piriform lobe - Smooth structure, ancient, processes smell information
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Dorsal surface
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Cerebral hemispeheres - Symmetrical in animals, slightly asymmetrical in humans (due to language centres)
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Medial longitudinal fissure - Deep sulcus between the 2 hemispheres (fissure is deeper groove than sulci)
Cruciate sulcus - Bicepts medial longitudinal fissue (forms a cross like structure, is a useful landmark in animals)
Note: Some species have a smooth cortex e.g. Rabbits, rodents. Folding is due to lack of room during development
Cerebellum
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Cerebellum has cortex too, highly folded but narrower than in cereberal cortex. Rather than gyri reffered to a folia (like leaves)
Motor function, particularly refinement of ongoing movement
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Mid-sagittal surface
Corpus callosum - Giant body, massive bundle of myelinated axons, joins hemispheres allowing communication
Thalamus - Sensory processing, all sensory information from all parts of body eventually finds way to thalamus "relay station"
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Ventricular system - Cavity system, continue down spinal cord, fluid that has nourishment and metabolic support function for brain. Fluid also acts as shock absorber
Lateral surface
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Top arrow - Cerebral cortex
Left arrow - Olfactory bulb
Right arrow - Cerebellum
Bottom arrows - Brain stem
Cortex - coat/mantle
Cerebellum = "Little brain", control of movement
Surfaces thrown into folds
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Ventricles and colliculi
Peduncles attach cerebellum to brain stem, rostral is bigest
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Spinal cord
- Grey matter - Neuronal cell bodies
- White matter - myelinated axons
- Named after colour in fresh tissue
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