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29.2 - Europe Plunges Into War (The Great War Begins (Nations Take Sides…

- - - - At the beginning of the war, Russia threw many troops into Germany and Austria, but by the end of August they were in a full retreat after the Germans launched a counter attack near the town of Tannenberg.
        
        More than 30,000 Russian were killed.
        
        Russian forces won twice in September against the Austo-Hungarians and drove deep into their country, but by December, they drove them back out.
        
        The concept of conquest applies to the Russian forces going into Austria-Hungary.
        
        Battle of Galicia
        
        How many Russian lives were lost over the entire period of the war?
        
        Who gained the most territory by the end of the war?
        
        Battle of Tannenberg
    - - By 1916 Russia's army was collapsing. They weren't industrialized yet and were short on all kinds of supplies. They allied supply routes were limited by the German control of the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. The Ottomans also still had control of the Dardanelles Strait in the Mediterranean.
        
        Russia's one asset was its numbers. Russia faced staggering losses on the battlefield but was able to resupply their army with their huge population.
        
        This allowed the Russia to keep Germany at bay in the east and keep Germany from throwing everything they had into the west.
        
        Germany and its allies were also concerned with the battles they were fighting in Africa and Southwest and Southeast Asia as well.
        
        It was indeed a world war.
        
        The concept of balance applies to the Russian and German forces at a standstill.
        
        How did Russia’s industrialization affect its war effort?
        
        Russia wasn't nearly as industrialized as the other countries, so they couldn't supply their troops nearly as much. This caused them to lose many men.
    - - I think it would have been due to the vastness of the eastern front. The western front was a shorter stretch compared the east. There was probably more open space on the Eastern front as well.
- - - - The Triple Entente vs the Triple Alliance
    - - War: WWI was a huge conflict between many countries, and resulted in the deaths of millions.
  - - - Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers later on
        
        What country had taken over territories that Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire wanted to regain?
        
        Russia
    - - Japan and Italy joined the Allies later on
    - - Major WWI Alliances
  - - - Why did Germany declare war on France?
        
        Germany didn't hesitate to declare war on France after declaring war on Russia, their ally. Germany knew that the two would team up.
    - - Austria's declaration of war on Serbia
- - - - Germany had to come up with a way to fight on two sides. General Alfred Graf Von Schlieffen came up with the Schleffen Plan.
        
        The Schlieffen Plan involved fighting france in the west and then rush to the east to fight Russia. They could do this because they had speed and Russia couldn't supply the front line as easy. They knew they needed to make a quick victory over France.
        
        It was September 5th when Germany was able to push through to the northeast of Paris. The allies had to regroup and sent reinforcements and after four days the german army had to retreat.
        
        After that clash it left the German Schlieffen Plan in ruins. They knew they could no longer have a quick victory and Russia was invading Germany. The war in the Western front would slowly become a stalemate.
        
        Why did Germany attack France first?
        
        France was more mobile than Russia was and it was a two front war. This made it so Germany had to fight on two fronts so.
        
        War
        
        Germany had to fight a war on two fronts.
        
        WW1 Fronts
      - Schlieffen Plan
    - - In 1915 the armies had made trenches to protect themselves. It is what became known as trench warfare. Many died and the armies would gain very little ground.
        
        Living in the Trenches was pitiful. A soldier wrote " The men slept in mud, Washed in mud, ate mud, and dreamed mud. The trenches were filled with mud, rats, and they didn't have fresh food.
        
        In Between the trenches is what was called no man's land. When told to attack the men would go over the trench into machine gun fire and artillery fire. Men were wounded crawling for help as more men fell on top of them.
        
        The western Front was almost 500 miles long. It went from the North Sea to the Swiss border.
        
        Strategies for war were scares. The hope for a fast war with the machine guns, poison gas, armored tanks, and large artillery didn't work. It only increased the number of deaths.
        
        It reached its peak in 1916. Germany launched an attack against French. Both sides lost more than 300,000 men.
        
        1 more item...
        
        Why were land gains so small?
        
        Because of trench warfare they couldn't gain much because you could dig in and defend. Also all of the advancements in technology made it efficient to kill people.
        
        Militarism
        
        Because of advancement in military due to militarism it made it easy to kill the enemy.
      - Advancements in militaries