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8.1 Metabolism (Metabolic Pathways (Metabolic pathways consist of chains…
8.1 Metabolism
Metabolic Pathways
Metabolic pathways consist of chains and cycles of enzyme-catalysed reactions
Calvin cycle(in photosynthesis)
Krebs cycle(in cell respiration)
Glycolysis(in cell respiration)
Coagulation cascade(in blood clotting)
Metabolism
the sum total of all reactions that occur
within an organism in order to maintain life
Enzymes and activation energy
Enzymes lower the activation
energy of the chemical
reactions that they catalysed
definition
the initial input of energy that is
required to trigger a chemical reaction
Types of enzyme inhibitors
Enzyme inhibitors can be competitive or non-competitive
example
competitive
inhibitor fits the active site and
prevents the substrate from entering
non-competitive;
inhibitor fits into an allosteric site causing a conformational change in the active site thus the substrate cannot attach to react
End product inhibition
Metabolic pathways can be
controlled by end-product inhibition
example
Amino acid threonine is converted to isolucine
Concentration of isoleucine builds up,
it binds to allosteric site of threonine deaminase thus acting as a non-competitive inhibitor
