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Species and Speciation (The biological species concept (a group of…
Species and Speciation
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How do new species arise
ancestral species splits into two or more descendant species that are genetically different from one another and can no longer interbreed
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Allopatric speciation
organisms of an ancestral species evolve into two or more descendant species after a period of physical separation caused by a geographic barrier,
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genetic divergence
happens because of natural selection, which may favor different traits in each environment, and other evolutionary forces like genetic drift.
gradually become more and more different in their genetic makeup and heritable features over many generations
Sympatric Speciation
organisms from the same ancestral species become reproductively isolated and diverge without any physical separation.
Polyploidy
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When the tetraploid plant matures, it will make diploid, 2n, eggs and sperm. These eggs and sperm can readily combine with other diploid eggs and sperm via self-fertilization, which is common in plants, to make more tetraploids
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Without Polyploidy
sympatric speciation may take place when subgroups in a population use different habitats or resources, even though those habitats or resources are in the same geographical area