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Chapter 17: Population Genetics and Evolution (Speciation (Phyletic…
Chapter 17: Population Genetics and Evolution
Population Genetics
gene pool
Mutation
Occurs continuously
exsisting allels decrease
new allels increase
Significance depends on pop size
Accidents
volcanic eruption
collision of meteorite
floods
droughts
Organisms can't adapt
artificial selection
Used to produce ornamental plants
Alters flower color and size
trees cultivated for lumber
artificial mutation
Natural selection
Population produce more offspring
progeny must differ
does NOT include
purpose
intention planning
voluntary decision making
Darwin's theory
Foundations
Biblical creation story
Plato's concept
Summarize and generalize
Speciation
Phyletic speciation
pollen transfer
seed dispersal
vegetative propagation
divergent speciation
abiological reproductive barrier
allopatric speciation
Mountain ranges
rivers
deserts
oceans
biological reproductive barrier
sympatric speciation
elevation
temperature
humidity
prezygotic isolation mechanisms
postzygotic internal isolation barriers
hybrid sterility
hybrid inviability
adaptive radiation
founder
genetic drift
Convergent evolution
cacti
euphorbias
Evolution and the Origin of Life
chemosynthesis
right inorganic chemicals
second atmosphere
reducing atmosphere
appropriate enegy sources
UV and gamma radiation
heat
radioactive decay
electricity
volcanoes
great deal of time
1.1 billion years
absence of oxygen or O2
no agent to cause decomposition of chemicals
formation of polymers
aggregation and organization
Rates of Evolution
Allelic composition
relatively adapted to habitat
changes in gross structure
flowers
leaves
fruits
shoots
trichomes
