Cardiovascular system

heart

blood vessels

Heart chambers c

blood

Right Ventricle

transports oxygen and nutrients to body

Left Atrium

Right Atrium

Left Ventricle

Tissue mk tissue

endocardium

receives blood as it returns from blood cells

myocardium

perocardium

thickest layer

smooth muscle

left vertical

receives blood from right atrium and pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery

double layer membrane or sac

left Corinne artery

covers outside of heart

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

middle of heart

circumflex artery

receives blood from the left atrium and pumps the blood into aorta for transport to body cells

anterior atrioventricular artery

lines inside of the heart

pumps all the blood to toes and brain etc

Valves valve-disease

Keep the blood flowing in the right direction

Septum mk

apex

the bottom of the vertical image

image

Tricuspid

muscular wall that divides heart into left and right

Pulmonary

Mitral

Blood flow mk blood flow

Aortic

superior vc and inferior vc

Located between the R vent

image

Located between the R vent and the Pulmonary artery

Located between L atrium and L vent

Located between L atrium and L vent.

LARGEST ARTERY IN THE BODY

right atrium

tricuspid valve

ventricle

pulmonary valve

Right and left pulmonary arteries

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lungs

Right and left pulmonary valve

Left atrium

Mital (bicuspid)

Left ventricle

Aortic valve

Aorta

if clotted they can cause a heart attack

Body

Conductive Pathways mk

Group of nerve cells located in right atrium

image

structure of the heart wall

there are three main parts of the heart wall

Myocardium

Epicardium

Sinoatrial or pacemaker pacemaker

Endocardium

simple squamous endothelium layer that lines the inside of the heart

the muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contains the cardiac tissue

the outermost layer of the heart wall and is just another name for the visceral layer of the pericardium

Sends out an electrical impulse that spreads out over muscles in atria

SA node

AV node

Bundle of his (left and right)

Coronary Systole and Diastole

purknje fibers

During systole, cardiac muscle tissue is contracting to push blood out of the chamber

During diastole, the cardiac muscle cells relax to allow the chamber to fill with blood. Blood pressure increases in the major arteries during ventricular systole and decreases during ventricular diastole. This leads to the 2 numbers associated with blood pressure

blood circulates continuously throughout the body

click to edit

Blood vessels mk blood vessels

Aterires

Capillaries

Veins

carry blood to heart

carry blood away from heart

connect arterioles with venules

Largest veins are superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

Largest artery is aorta

Blood cells mk blood cells

White blood cells

Red blood cells

Erythrocyte

Leukocytes

Formed in bone marrow and lymph tissue

Formed in red bone marrow

Produce 1 million in 1 minute

live approximately 120 days

Thrombocytes mk

Also called platelets

formed in bone marrow

live about 5-9 days

important for the clotting process

Disease and abnormal conditions

anemia

inadequate number of RBC hemologlobin or both

S/S- pallor, fatigure, dyspnea, and rapid HR

etiology-blood lost, chemotherapy, formation of abnormal erythrocytes such as pernicious anemia

treatment- blood trans, bone marrow trasplants, administering V B12

aneurysm

a ballooning out of, or a sac like formation on an artery wall.

Etiology- anything that causes a weakness arterial wall

S/S- usually no pain but some can and even cause pressure

common sites- cerebral aortal and abdominal arteries

CHF

Congestive heart failure

heart does not beat adequately to supply the blood needs of the body

involve both sides of the heart

Treatment- drugs, fluids, O2, bed rest, low sodium diet

S/S- edema, dyspnea, pallor, cyanosis, weak rapid pulse