Cardiovascular system
heart
blood vessels
Heart chambers
blood
Right Ventricle
transports oxygen and nutrients to body
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Left Ventricle
Tissue mk
endocardium
receives blood as it returns from blood cells
myocardium
perocardium
thickest layer
smooth muscle
left vertical
receives blood from right atrium and pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery
double layer membrane or sac
left Corinne artery
covers outside of heart
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
middle of heart
circumflex artery
receives blood from the left atrium and pumps the blood into aorta for transport to body cells
anterior atrioventricular artery
lines inside of the heart
pumps all the blood to toes and brain etc
Valves
Keep the blood flowing in the right direction
Septum mk
apex
the bottom of the vertical
Tricuspid
muscular wall that divides heart into left and right
Pulmonary
Mitral
Blood flow mk
Aortic
superior vc and inferior vc
Located between the R vent
Located between the R vent and the Pulmonary artery
Located between L atrium and L vent
Located between L atrium and L vent.
LARGEST ARTERY IN THE BODY
right atrium
tricuspid valve
ventricle
pulmonary valve
Right and left pulmonary arteries
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lungs
Right and left pulmonary valve
Left atrium
Mital (bicuspid)
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
Aorta
if clotted they can cause a heart attack
Body
Conductive Pathways mk
Group of nerve cells located in right atrium
structure of the heart wall
there are three main parts of the heart wall
Myocardium
Epicardium
Sinoatrial or pacemaker
Endocardium
simple squamous endothelium layer that lines the inside of the heart
the muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contains the cardiac tissue
the outermost layer of the heart wall and is just another name for the visceral layer of the pericardium
Sends out an electrical impulse that spreads out over muscles in atria
SA node
AV node
Bundle of his (left and right)
Coronary Systole and Diastole
purknje fibers
During systole, cardiac muscle tissue is contracting to push blood out of the chamber
During diastole, the cardiac muscle cells relax to allow the chamber to fill with blood. Blood pressure increases in the major arteries during ventricular systole and decreases during ventricular diastole. This leads to the 2 numbers associated with blood pressure
blood circulates continuously throughout the body
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Blood vessels mk
Aterires
Capillaries
Veins
carry blood to heart
carry blood away from heart
connect arterioles with venules
Largest veins are superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
Largest artery is aorta
Blood cells mk
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Erythrocyte
Leukocytes
Formed in bone marrow and lymph tissue
Formed in red bone marrow
Produce 1 million in 1 minute
live approximately 120 days
Thrombocytes mk
Also called platelets
formed in bone marrow
live about 5-9 days
important for the clotting process
Disease and abnormal conditions
anemia
inadequate number of RBC hemologlobin or both
S/S- pallor, fatigure, dyspnea, and rapid HR
etiology-blood lost, chemotherapy, formation of abnormal erythrocytes such as pernicious anemia
treatment- blood trans, bone marrow trasplants, administering V B12
aneurysm
a ballooning out of, or a sac like formation on an artery wall.
Etiology- anything that causes a weakness arterial wall
S/S- usually no pain but some can and even cause pressure
common sites- cerebral aortal and abdominal arteries
CHF
Congestive heart failure
heart does not beat adequately to supply the blood needs of the body
involve both sides of the heart
Treatment- drugs, fluids, O2, bed rest, low sodium diet
S/S- edema, dyspnea, pallor, cyanosis, weak rapid pulse